2. Chapter 1

3.  Properties related to water Properties related to water  Durability of materials Durability of materials §1.3 Other Properties of Materials

4.  Hydrophilic Property and Hydrophobic Property  Water-absorbing Quality  Hygroscopicity  Water Resistance Properties related to water

5. 1 Hydrophilic Property It refers to the material property which can be wetted when it contacts with water in the air. θ<90 o stone, brick, block, glass and pottery etc Hydrophilic Property and Hydrophobic Property

6. Fig1.3.1 Sketch map of wetting angle (θ) Hydrophilic Property θ<90 o Hydrophobic Property 90°≤θ≤180° Sketch map of wetting angle θ Hydrophilic Property and Hydrophobic Property

7. 2 Hydrophobic Property It refers to the material property which can not be wetted when it contacts with water in the air. 90°≤θ≤180° Hydrophilic Property and Hydrophobic Property

8. It refers to the material property which can absorb water. Water Absorption （ W ） It refers to the proportion of weight of materials with absorbed water to that of dry materials. water-absorption

9. m 1 -materials quantity in the saturation m 2 -materials quantity in the dry condition 1 Specific absorption of quantity water-absorption

10. 2 V-materials volume in the natural condition Specific absorption of volume water-absorption

11. It refers to material property which can absorb water in the moist air. Water Percentage （ W ） It refers to the proportion of weight of materials with absorbed water in the moist air to that of dry materials. Hygroscopicity

12. m 1 -materials quality in the natural condition m 2 -materials quality in the dry condition Water percentage of quality Hygroscopicity

13. It refers to the material property, in which the substance can not be destroyed and its strength does not reduce obviously when it is in the saturation for a long time. Water Resistance K p － Softening modulus f 1 － Compressive strength in the saturation f 2 － Compressive strength in the dryness

14. It refers to the property, in which the material can keep its properties steadily when it is in all kinds of circumstances and for a long time. Durability of Materials

15. Durability mainly includes permeability frost-resistance anti-corrosion anti-carbonation anti-abrasion resistance to alkali-aggregate reaction resistance to alkali- aggregate reaction anti-corrosion anti-abrasion anti-carbonate anti-freezing anti-permeability Durability Durability of Materials

16. It refers to the material property of resisting the penetration of pressure water. Penetration Grades, Penetration Coefficient

17. Sketch map of permeability of material W-Weight of penetrating water d -Thickness of sample A -Area of penetrating water t -Time of penetrating water H-Head height A W H T（h）T（h） d

18. It refers to the material property, in which the performance of saturated materials can not be reduced seriously after circles of freezing and thawing. Frost-resistance Grades

19. Chapter 1