1. Immunology The study of the organs, tissues and cells that create the body’s fight against disease. Immunity – ability to stop a pathogen from establishing an infection, sometime before symptoms even occur. Susceptibility – condition where a pathogen is able to successfully reproduce / replicate in a host.

3. The Immune System –The Immune System is made up of: –the cells in our bone marrow, thymus, –the spleen, the tonsils, the adenoids, skin, –the lymphatic system of vessels, ducts & nodes, –blood and its contents

4. Look for these terms in the video: Physical Barriers Interleukin Muscle Pain Dendritic Cells Fever T-Cells Cough B-Cells Natural Killer Cells Antibodies Macrophage Memory Cells

6. The Immune System Innate Immune SystemAcquired Adaptive Immune System (Learned Specific Immune System) Response is non-specificPathogen and antigen specific response Exposure leads to immediate maximal response Lag time between exposure and maximal response Cell-mediated and humoral components No immunological memoryExposure leads to immunological memory Found in nearly all forms of lifeFound only in jawed vertebrates

7. Physical Barriers

8. Natural Killer Cells

9. Macrophages –“Big Eaters”, mature from Monocytes –Patrol the interstitial areas for invaders –Phagocytes, clean-up host debris –Consume pathogens directly –Non-specific – look for anything non-host –Release interleukin

26. Specific Immunity Boost non-specific responses Identify specific invaders by their antigen Respond with a specific defense against the invading pathogen Memory of pathogens – “Adaptive” Use of a variety of Lymphocytes: –Humoral – B-Cells, antibodies in the blood –Cell-mediated immunity – T-Cells

27. Humoral Response (of the “Humors”) B Cells – mature in the bone marrow Migrate to the lymphatic system Activated by antigen Release antibodies into the blood while remaining in the lymph system Antibodies cover and coat pathogens, rendering them useless and targeted for destruction.

28. Important Vocabulary Antigens - Anything causing an immune response, usually foreign material but may be our own tissues. (Antibody Generators) Antibody – molecules produced by the immune cells to identify the antigens of the invading pathogens

29. Lock & Key Relationship

30. Up to 100 Billion Specific Antigen Recognition Combinations

31. Cell-Mediated Response: T-Cells are made in the bone marrow, migrate to the thymus for maturation T-Cells remain in the lymph system waiting to be activated by an antigen. After activation, T-cells clone themselves and move to the site of infection. Cytotoxic T-cells (CD8) directly kill infected cells Helper T-cells (CD4) “train” macrophages & stimulate B-cells to do their job better Some T-cells form memory cells after the infection is over.

34. Lymphatic System: A complex network of lymphoid organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymphatic tissues, lymph capillaries and lymph vessels that produce and transport lymph fluid from tissues to the circulatory system

35. Lymphatic System: The lymphatic system has three interrelated functions: (1) removal of excess fluids from body tissues, (2) absorption of fatty acids and subsequent transport of fat, as chyle, to the circulatory system and, (3) production of immune cells such as lymphocytes (antibody producing plasma cells) and monocytes.

36. Immune Organs –Tonsils –Adenoids –Thymus –Lymph Nodes –Spleen –Peyer’s Patch –Appendix –Bone marrow General Function: Infected cells & pathogens are collected from the body and moved through the lymphatic pathways to these organs for destruction

39. Immune Organs

42. Important Cellular Components