6. 0°

8. 59°

16. Lonnie G. Thompson

19. 800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000 Age (years BP) CO 2 Concentration Source: National Climatic Data Center/NOAA 300 180 200 220 240 260 280 CO 2 (ppm)

20. 300 180 200 220 240 260 280 CO 2 (ppm) Temp. in F° 800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000 Source: National Climatic Data Center/NOAA Age (years BP) CO 2 Concentration

21. CO 2 (ppm) 400 320 340 360 380 300 180 200 220 240 260 280 Temp. in F° 800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000 Source: National Climatic Data Center/NOAA Age (years BP) 2008 CO 2 Concentration: 387 CO 2 Concentration

22. 400 CO 2 Concentration CO 2 (ppm) 320 340 360 380 300 180 200 220 240 260 280 Temp. in F° 800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000 Age (years BP) 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 2008 CO 2 Concentration: 387 Source: National Climatic Data Center/NOAA 350

26. 1980

27. 2007

29. Photo: Katherine Cherewyk

31. “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal.” Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR4, 2007 unequivocal: beyond doubt

32. Photo: NOAA Hurricane Katrina August 2005

33. Haiti September 2008

34. Number of Major Flood Events by Continent and Decade # of Major Floods Americas Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 1950–19591960–19691970–19791980–19891990–2000

35. Photo: AP/Ajit Solanki Ahmadabad, India May 2006

36. Australia February 2009

37. Number of Major Wild Fires # of Major Wildfires 1950–19591960–19691970–19791980–19891990–2000 Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment