3. Scientific Revolution VOCAB Scientific Revolution SCIENTIST Absolutism VOCAB Absolute Monarchs Part 1 Absolute Monarchs Part 2 Enlightenment 200 300 400 500 600 100 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 100 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 100 200 300 400 500 600

4. TRUE or FALSE The people of the Middle Ages saw the idea of “Science” as unnecessary.

5. Aristotle’s EARTH- CENTERED theory of the Universe.

6. Copernicus’s SUN-CENTERED theory of the Universe.

7. A new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and a willingness to question accepted beliefs.

8. A logical procedure for gathering and testing scientific ideas

9. What is the correct sequence of steps used in the scientific process? Put the steps in order: Observation Question Experimentation Conclusion hypothesis

10. English scientist who explained the law of gravity.

11. Italian scientist whose findings in the field of astronomy supported Copernicus’s theory. (but also landed him in house arrest until his death...)

12. This scientist came up with the Heliocentric Theory.

13. This scientist proved that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of circles.

14. This scientist wrote a book called Starry Messenger.

15. This scientist wrote, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, considered to be one of the most important scientific books ever written.

16. Define Absolutism.

17. What is “divine right”?

18. What is the official term used to refer to the French Protestants living in France?

19. Declaration of religious toleration that allowed Huguenots to live in peace in France.

20. What is the name of the Palace that King Louis XIV built?

21. An adoption of the social, political, or economic institutions of Western – especially European or American – countries.

22. This Absolute Monarch took the throne of France at the age of 4. He didn’t officially rule the country until the age of 22.

23. Which Russian Czar tried to Westernize Russia?

24. Which Shogun finally was able to unify Japan under one ruler?

25. Who was the 1 st Absolute Monarch to rule both Scotland and England?

26. Which English Monarch was later beheaded for defying the Parliament?

27. Who was the first Absolute Monarch of the Bourbon Dynasty?

28. 1st to call himself “czar” of Russia who later accused boyars (Russian nobles) of poisoning his wife, Anastasia. Using his secret police – he executed boyars, their families, & peasants who worked their land. He later went on to kill his oldest son.

29. This Monarch approved a new translation of the Bible.

30. This monarch was forced to sign The Petition of Rights.

31. This Spanish Monarch launched the Spanish Armada in an attempt to punish Queen Elizabeth I.

32. This woman became the Monarch of Austria when her father Charles VI convinced all of the leaders of Europe to sign an agreement stating that she was the heir to all Hapsburg territories.

33. This leader of Prussia said that “a ruler should be a father to his people”.

34. What is another name for the Enlightenment?

35. This philosopher's masterful use of satire got him into frequent trouble with the clergy, the aristocracy, and the government of France. Despite serving two prison terms and being exiled, he never stopped fighting for tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech.

36. This political thinker felt that people are reasonable beings. He supported self- government and argued that the purpose of government is to protect the natural rights of people. If government fails to protect these natural rights, he said, citizens have the right to overthrow it.

37. This political thinker believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wicked. He argued, therefore, that strong governments are necessary to control human behavior. To avoid chaos, he said, people enter into a social contract. They give up their rights in exchange for law and order.

38. In A Vindication of the Rights of Women, this political thinker presented an argument for the education of women. She also declared that women should have the same political rights as men.

39. This philosopher's ideas greatly influenced criminal law reformers in Europe and North America. He argued against the use of torture and other common abuses of justice.