1. Terrorism New trends

2. What is terrorism? It’s the deliberate use of violence against civilians for political (old) or religious (new) ends. premeditated (planned in advance) It’s aimed to civilians It’s carried out by subnational groups Deliberately spectacular, designed to influence a wide audience beyond the victims

3. Main Terrorist Organizations Hamas (Islamist, Palestinian, Israel) Abu Nidal (Islamist, Palestinian, Syria & Lybia) Harkat ul-Mujahideen (Pakistan Islamic, Kashmir) Hezbollah (Islamist, Lebannese) Twahid al-Jihad (Islamist, Iraq) Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine (Syria) Al Qaeda (multinational islamist, taliban) Kach (Jewish extremist, Israel) Aum Shinrikyo (Sect, Japan) Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA, Spain) Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)

4. Terrorist groups The terrorist groups often differ in their motivations, objectives, levels of activity and ideology. The Islamist groups remain the most active and their objectives can be: The overthrow of a secular pro-western government Derailment of the arab-israeli peace process Expulsion of USA forces from the region End the occupation of muslim lands Some fight for cultural and political rights or the creation of a separate ethnically based state

5. New trends Fewer incidents but more lethal (size of incidents and kind of weapons) More technology available (easy access to information and communications) The political or ideological objectives are in extintion, now are more influenced by religion, apocalyptic visions, ethnicity or even more diffuse objectives Transnational organizations (networks) Individual or smaller groups(difficult to predict)

6. States and Terrorism Some countries still support terrorists or use terrorism as an element of state policy Iran: the Revolutionary Guard Corps and the Ministry of intelligence carry out terrorist activities and support other groups Syria, Sudan and Afghanistan provide funding, refuge, training bases and weapons to terrorists Libya supported Palestinian groups for several years. North Korea: weapons to terrorists

7. How could we combat them? People turned to terrorism for various reasons, so to understand them is very important to prevent or combat them. Improve the Intelligence Services knowing the changes and new trends. Punish the States that support terrorists. International Effort of cooperation.