1. Newspaper article – what could the caption be?

2. What’s in a picture? Task: you have been given a photo. You need to write some questions about it beginning with... Who...? What...? Where...? Why...? When...? How...? Task: you have been given a photo. You need to write some questions about it beginning with... Who...? What...? Where...? Why...? When...? How...?

3. Why is the ground like this? Who is to blame? What could we do to help? How does it affect the man and his son?

4. Is he right? https://www.ted.com/talks/allan_savory_how _to_green_the_world_s_deserts_and_reverse _climate_change https://www.ted.com/talks/allan_savory_how _to_green_the_world_s_deserts_and_reverse _climate_change

5. What is desertification? The spread of desert like conditions in semi-arid environments (e.g. Savannahs). It is a long term change in the characteristics of the ecosystem such as plant life, vegetation and soil characteristics which are impoverished. Desertification is not the same as short term drought – but droughts can help cause desertification.

6. Which areas are vulnerable? Vulnerability: Red = very high Orange = high Yellow = moderate Describe the regions of the world which are most at risk from desertification.

8. The area of greatest risk: The Sahel Location: South of the Sahara desert / North of the savanna grasslands  Which countries does the Sahel go through? Location: South of the Sahara desert / North of the savanna grasslands  Which countries does the Sahel go through?

9. Soil Sustainability objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification? Case study – The Sahel/Chad 1. Causes 2. Consequences 3. Management http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw

11. What is The Sahel like? Semi-arid area. Average rainfall? Periods of rainfall and drought. Supports small bushes. Wind battered trees.

12. Physical reasons for desertification in The Sahel 1950/60’s - above average rainfall, causing nomadic herders to settle and farmers to intensify agriculture. 1970’s - below average rainfall leading to extreme drought. Crops and animals die. Desert advances.

13. Vegetation roots bind soil. Vegetation dies. Soil is left exposed. Sun bakes the soil and it cracks. Wind blows away soil. No leaves to intercept rain. Soil is washed away. The soil is degraded, losing fertility and structure. Physical reasons for desertification in The Sahel http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2012 /06/2012618145252317756.html

14. Dry grassland on the edge of a desert Grassland becomes desert Overgrazing Over-cropping Hot dry seasons Deforestation

15. Using the information from the previous slides, cut your statements out and try to arrange them to show the process of desertification and explain how it happens.

16. Using the information from the previous slides, cut your statements out and try to arrange them to show the process of desertification and explain how it happens. Do this next to a map of the sahel area. 9 10 1 2 3 45 6 7 8

17. Soil Sustainability objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification? Case study – The Sahel/Chad 1. Causes 2. Consequences 3. Management – next week http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw http://earthreform.org/lakechaddesertification/ https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=desertification%20chad http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw http://earthreform.org/lakechaddesertification/ https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=desertification%20chad

18. CauseHow does it lead to desertification?Specifics about Sahel/Chad Desertification definition: Drought/Gl obal Warming Population pressure The Sahel has rapid population growth. Chad’s population has doubled in the last 30 years and will double again by 2035. This leads to…. Fuel supply Overgrazing War Migration

19. Soil Sustainability objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification? Case study – The Sahel/Chad 1. Causes 2. Consequences 3. Management http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw