1. Biome Identification and Biodiversity

2. What Biome am I? Located near the equator Over 200 cm rain each year
Warm temperatures, lots of sunlight
Lots of vegetation of plants and animals
Biotic factors include large trees that form canopies, parrots, many insects, leopards, etc
Poor soil quality
Temperature, rain, soil quality and amount of sunlight are biotic or abiotic factors?
Vegetation, and animal diversity is biotic or abiotic factor?

4. Tropical Rainforest Typically found near the equator
Receives more than 200 cm of rain annually
Temperatures typically fall between 20oC and 25oC for the entire year
As many as 50% of all the world’s animal species may be found here

5. What Biome am I? Located between poles and equator
Very few trees with lots of grasses
Most fertile soil of all biomes
Temperatures between degrees C
Precipitation between cm
Animals include antelope, bison (US Buffalo), prairie dogs, groundhogs

7. Grassland
Because of the dry climate, trees are found only near water sources such as streams
Usually receives between 50 and 90 cm of rainfall each year
Summer temperatures can reach up to 38oC, and winter temperatures can fall to –40oC

8. What Biome am I? Located at the poles Less than 25 cm rain per year
Temps range from degrees C
Has a layer of permafrost
Animals include migrating birds in summers, polar bears, reindeer

10. Tundra Means treeless or marshy plain
Characterized by permafrost – permanently frozen soil starting as high as a few centimeters below the surface – which severely limits plant growth
Winter temperatures average –34oC while summer temperatures usually average below 10oC
Low precipitation (15–25 cm per year) but ground is usually wet because of low evaporation

11. What Biome am I? Located near the equator
Less than 25 cm rain per year
Poor soil quality
Temperatures between -15 to 38 degrees C
Plants such as cactuses
Animals such as snakes, lizards, rats and scorpions
What are the biotic and abiotic factors that make up this biome?

13. Desert Typically found between 25o and 40o latitude
Receives less than 25 cm of rain each year
Temperatures typically range between 20oC and 25oC but some extreme deserts can reach temperatures higher than 38oC and lower than –15oC

14. What Biome am I? Located between equator and poles
Forests have many deciduous trees that lose leaves in fall
Fertile soil
Temperatures range from -40 to 20 degrees C
Rainfall between 30 to 90 cm
Animals include foxes, bears deer, squirrels

16. Temperate Deciduous Forest
Moderate climate
Most trees will lose their leaves in the winter
Temperatures range between –40oC and 20oC
Averages from 30 to 90 cm of precipitation
Well developed understory

17. What Biome am I? Located at the poles Precipitation between 41-61 cm
Temps range from degrees F
Acidic soil
Trees are mostly conifers
Animals are moose, bears, rabbits

19. Temperate Boreal Forest
Also known as Taiga
Typically found between 45o and 60o North latitude
Cold climate with summer rains
Very few reptiles
Limited understory
Snow is primary form of precipitation (40 to 61 cm annually)

20. What Biome am I? Located near the equator
Lots of grasses with a few trees mixed in
Between degrees F
About 100 cm average rainfall
Animals include giraffes, zebra, lions, crocodiles and elephants

22. Tropical Savanna Grasslands with a few scattered trees
Experience a wet and dry season
Hot temperatures
Annual rainfall is between 50 and 127 cm
More species of grazing mammals than any other biome

23. What Biome am I? Located between poles and equator
Cool winter, hot dry summers
Poor nutrient rocky soils
Precipitation between cm
Temperatures between degrees F
Vegetation includes lots of shrubs
Animals include coyotes, mountain lions, jackal, jack rabbits

25. Chaparral
Found between 32o and 40o latitude on the west coast of continents
Receives between 35 and 70 cm of rain, usually in the winter
Extremely resistant to drought and weather events

26. Review
Why do tropical rain forests, and temperate forests have so much life?
Why do deserts and the tundra have so little life?

27. Biosphere All life on earth
Includes all of the ecosystems and biomes that we have talked about

28. Biodiversity
The degree of variation in life forms of a given species, ecosystem, or biome.
Includes genetic variation within a species or populations of ecosystems

29. Examples of Biodiversity
Tropical rain forest may have 300 species in square meters (hectre) of land
A temperate forest in the US may only have 30 species
Biodiversity increases towards the equator.

30. Why is Biodiversity important?
All life is interdependent
Animals need plants to survive
Flowering plants need animals for pollination
Plants need decomposers that break down decaying matter into nutrients
If one species is lost from an ecosystem it has a cascade effect on the rest of the ecosystem

31. Bees Honeybees are especially important for maintaining biodiversity
Honeybee populations are declining which impacts our food sources
Important for pollination of plants around the world

32. Why is Biodiversity important?
Stability
A single pest may be able to destroy an entire corn field
A single pest is not likely to destroy all plant life in a rainforest
Scattered plant or animal life is less likely to be destroyed due to the genetic variation

33. Loss of Biodiversity
Loss of a single species can domino effect the entire ecosystem, which can destroy it
Species such as frogs are becoming endangered and could become extinct

34. Domino effect
Removing sea otters from kelp forest on west coast have shown to disrupt the entire ecosystem

35. Polar Bears
Because of global warming Polar Bears are endangered of becoming extinct 