2. Normal Retirement Age  The normal retirement age (NRA) is the age at which retirement benefits are equal to the "primary insurance amount."primary insurance amount

3. The table below shows how NRA varies by year of birth for retirees.

4. Governments increase retirement ages to curb rising costs: Mercer global report ( 美世是全球最大的员工福利咨询公 司

5. Countries with normal retirement age above 65 years

7. Asia-Pacific Americas Europe Middle East Africa

8. In Australia, by 2014, the minimum qualifying age for women will be increased from 60-65 (according to date of birth) to a standard 65, making it the same for men and women. In India, under the mandatory Employees' Provident Fund and Gratuity Scheme the normal retirement age is typically 58 or 60 according to employer’s choice but the trend has been towards age 60. Japan is gradually increasing the retirement age under Employees' Pension Insurance from 60 to 65. For company-sponsored retirement plans in Japan, the normal retirement age is gradually being extended from 60 to 65 between 2006 and 2013. The Singaporean government's long-term objective is to increase the retirement age from 62 to 67 for men and women but it has not yet implemented legislation. In South Korea, the normal retirement age will increase from 60 to 61 in 2013 and then further by one year every 5 years until NRA reaches a standard 65.

9. In Latin America, Colombia's NRA will increase in 2014 from 60 to 62 for men and from 55 to 60 for women. In Canada, there is a move for the majority of provinces to eliminate mandatory retirement ages. There has been no recent change in Brazil and the United States.

10. In Austria, the retirement age for women will be gradually raised from 60 to 65 between 2024 and 2033. In Belgium, from 2009, the NRA for women will be raised from 64 to 65. Retirement ages for men and women in the Czech Republic have been increasing by two months and four months every year respectively since 1996. By 2013, the aim is to reach the target retirement age of 63 for males and 59 - 63 for females, depending on the number of children raised. Denmark will increase the NRA age for men and women from 65 to 67 between 2024 and 2027. Germany, too, is increasing the age for men and women from 65 to 67 between 2012 and 2029.

11. In Hungary, the government plans to pass legislation to increase the retirement age from 61/62 to 64 for women and from 62 to 65 for men by 2020 and then to 68 for women and to 69 for men by 2050. Israeli legislation in 2004 is gradually raising (according to date of birth) the retirement age from 65 to 67 for males and from 60 to 64 for females. In Italy, the government is proposing to increase the minimum retirement age from 57 to 58 in 2008 and then to 61 by 2013.

12. In Turkey, for persons insured from September 1999, the social security retirement age is 60 for males and 58 for females while for persons insured before September 1999, the retirement age ranges from 41 to 56 years. In the United Kingdom, a common State Pension Age of 65 will be fully implemented before 2020. This will be gradually increased between 2024 and 2046 to 68 for men and women.