1. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 11 The Small Animal Industry

2. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Industry Background Almost two-thirds of U.S. households have pets –Spend more than $45 billion annually –Pet food accounts for approximately $17 billion annually –Veterinary services total approximately $12 billion annually (continued)

3. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Industry Background Dogs and cats –Most common pets Trend toward exotic pets

4. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. History of Dogs Associated with humans since Stone Age –Scavenged food scraps around villages –Had appealing hunting ability All modern dogs come from wild dogs (continued)

5. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. History of Dogs Humans began to select dogs with desirable characteristics –Wide variety of traits E.g., size, color –More than 400 recognized breeds

6. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Groups of Dog Breeds Sporting Hound Terrier Working Herding Toy Nonsporting

7. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. History of Cats Date back to ancient Egypt –Popularity may be due to killing of mice and other rodents in granaries –Had value because they rid homes and storage areas of vermin –Also served as companion animals Today, inhabit almost every country (continued)

8. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. History of Cats In U.S., used to rid homes of mice and other vermin –Caught and consumed own food –Often lived in barns or grain storage buildings Popular today –Even though used less to catch mice

9. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Basics of Cat Breeds Differ from dogs in breeding –Bred selectively only somewhat recently –Less variation among breeds –Fewer breeds Most breeds named after regions (continued)

10. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Basics of Cat Breeds Generally fall into two groups: –Shorthair –Longhair

11. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Exotic Animals as Pets Large industry has developed Strict laws now regulate importation and sale of certain animals –Illegal to import or sell most wild animals –Most endangered species protected from private sale Animal importation risks disease All animals entering U.S. must be quarantined

12. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reptiles Fastest growing pet category in U.S. –Traditionally considered poor pets –Education has increased use Iguanas –Most popular reptiles –Size of domestic cat –Clean, odorless, and house-trainable (continued)

13. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reptiles Require special care –Washing with antibacterial soap after handling recommended –Lights and heat source required

14. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Health Benefits Pets good for humans’ health –Provide simple relationships Accepting, attentive, responsive, and nonjudgmental Pets help children –Provide security –Have calming influence –Help develop responsibility (continued)

15. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Health Benefits New benefits being discovered –Aid in humans’ healing process –Support health and well-being –Extend lives of older individuals

16. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Service Animals Assist those with disabilities in everyday life –E.g., guide dog for the blind Many organizations raise guide dogs using volunteers –Expose to everyday activities –Avoid games –Avoid human food (continued)

17. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Service Animals Only approximately half of puppies become guide dogs Hearing-ear dogs trained to listen for those who cannot Other dogs help those who are wheelchair- bound or have spinal injuries Horses benefit humans through hippotherapy

18. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Pet Food Uses many by-products and surpluses from human food –Dry dog food: mainly grain –Canned pet food: meat by-products May contain carcasses unfit for humans Carefully formulated to meet animals’ nutritional needs

19. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Animal Health Large industry –More than $10 billion each year in U.S. –Approximately 40,000 U.S. veterinarians Animal medical care has become highly technical (continued)

20. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Animal Health Vets stress preventive measures –Vaccination programs –Regular dental exams –Sound diet –Routine exercise

21. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diseases and Afflictions Pets can pass infectious diseases to humans –Zoonoses: pet-borne illnesses –Direct or indirect contact –E.g., rabies, roundworm of dogs, toxoplasmosis in cats, psittacosis (parrot fever), ringworm, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, bite/scratch infections, allergies

22. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Summary U.S. pet industry huge and growing Americans like pets –Willing to spend on them Pets serve many purposes, from service to companionship (continued)

23. Copyright © 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Summary Pet types vary widely Animal importation closely regulated Pet business will continue to grow