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How I Would Like By Bicuspid Valve and Aneurysms Treated Thoralf M. Sundt,MD AATS Skills April 25,2015
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension? Do I smoke? Does the valve function well? If not do I have AS or AR? What is the diameter of the aorta? What is my operative risk? 2
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke? Does the valve function well? If not do I have AS or AR? What is the diameter of the aorta? What is my operative risk? 3
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More than diameter – intraluminal pressure matters 4 Dissection is material failure when stress exceeds strength The Law of Laplace T=tension P=pressure R=radius
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke?If yes, threshold lower Does the valve function well? If not do I have AS or AR? What is the diameter of the aorta? What is my operative risk? 5
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke?If yes, threshold lower Does the valve function well?If no, threshold lower If not do I have AS or AR? What is the diameter of the aorta? What is my operative risk? 7
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke?If yes, threshold lower Does the valve function well?If no, threshold lower If not do I have AS or AR?If AR, threshold lower What is the diameter of the aorta? What is my operative risk? 8
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Freedom from adverse aortic events in BAV stenosis vs. root phenotype patients. Girdauskas E et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012;42:832- 838
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke?If yes, threshold lower Does the valve function well?If no, threshold lower If not do I have AS or AR?If AR, threshold lower What is the diameter of the aorta?If > 5.0 (In my 50’s) What is my operative risk? 10
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Why 50mm? – Clearly abnormal 11
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First I need to know Do I have hypertension?If yes, threshold lower Do I smoke?If yes, threshold lower Does the valve function well?If no, threshold lower If not do I have AS or AR?If AR, threshold lower What is the diameter of the aorta?If > 5.0 (In my 50’s) What is my operative risk?If low, threshold lower 12
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How we ask the question is critical “At what diameter is the risk of surgery less than the risk of the disease? ” 13
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What operation? If the valve functions well If the valve is regurgitant If the valve is stenotic If there is a neck below the innominate 14
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What operation? If the valve functions wellascending only If the valve is regurgitant If the valve is stenotic If there is a neck below the innominate 15
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The Fate of the Unreplaced Root? 16
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The Fate of the Unreplaced Root 17 * * * 0 80 100 60 40 20 Survival (%) 0 246810 Follow-up (years) Reoperation: 10/218 (4.6%) Indication Aortic root dilation (1) Ascending aorta dilatation (2) PVE (3) PPM (2) Others (4)
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What operation? If the valve functions wellascending only If the valve is regurgitantrepair If the valve is stenotic If there is a neck below the innominate 18
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What operation? If the valve functions wellascending only If the valve is regurgitantrepair If the valve is stenoticreplace (tissue) If there is a neck below the innominate 19
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What operation? If the valve functions wellascending only If the valve is regurgitantrepair If the valve is stenoticreplace (tissue) If there is a neck below the innominatewith a crossclamp! 20
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Observations: Does the Arch Dilate/Dissect? 470 BAV patients undergoing surgery 1988-2007 48 had hemiarch (10%) Follow-up up to 17 years, median 4.2 years No reoperations for arch dilatation 21
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Observations: Does the Arch Dilate/Dissect? 470 BAV patients undergoing surgery 1988-2007 48 had hemiarch (10%) Follow-up up to 17 years, median 4.2 years No reoperations for arch dilatation 22
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Observations: Does the Arch Dilate/Dissect? 192 patients with BAV 203 TAV controls In 49 BAV (12%) Asc Ao replaced (>4.5 cm) No Hemiarch/arch replacements 23
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Observations: Does the Arch Dilate/Dissect? 192 patients with BAV 203 TAV controls In 49 BAV (12%) Asc Ao replaced (>4.5 cm) No Hemiarch/arch replacements 24
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The really tough question: 25 By whom ?
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