1. Chapter 1 Review Clickers

2. 1.1 Introduction to the Practice of Statistics Define statistics and statistical thinking Explain the process of statistics Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative variables Distinguish between discrete and continuous variables Determine the level of measurement of a variable

3. A quality-control manager randomly selects 75 jars of peanuts that were filled on September 25 to assess the calibration of the filling machine. What is the population in this study? 1. The 75 jars he pulls off the line 2. The jars of peanuts on the line on September 25 3. All of the jars of peanuts produced

4. A quality-control manager randomly selects 75 jars of peanuts that were filled on September 25 to assess the calibration of the filling machine. What is the sample in this study? 1. The 75 jars he pulls off the line 2. The jars of peanuts on the line on September 25 3. All of the jars of peanuts produced

5. Which of the following is not part of the process of statistics? 1. Drawing conclusions from information 2. Identifying a research objective 3. Collecting, organizing, and summarizing information 4. They all are part of the process of statistics

6. The two branches of statistics are: 1. Observational and Experimental 2. Population and Sample 3. Descriptive and Inferential 4. Discrete and Continuous

7. Which of the following can be classified as a quantitative variable? 1. Gender 2. Temperature 3. Zip Code 4. Phone Number

8. Which of the following can be classified as a qualitative variable? 1. The number of heads obtained after flipping a coin five times 2. The distance a 2010 Ford Focus can drive on the highway with a full tank of gas 3. Area code of a phone number 4. Height

9. Which of the following can be classified as a continuous variable? 1. The number of heads obtained after flipping a coin five times 2. The number of cars that arrive at a Burger King between 2:00 and 4:00 pm 3. The amount of time it takes you to brush your teeth 4. The number of times you brush your teeth in one day. 5. None of the above

10. Which of the following can be classified as a discrete variable? 1. The distance you travel to get to school. 2. The number of days until Thanksgiving break 3. The amount of caffeine you have in one day. 4. The length of your longest fingernail 5. None of the above

11. Which level of measurement has the following characteristics: Qualitative variable with ranking 1. Nominal 2. Ordinal 3. Interval 4. Ratio

12. Which level of measurement has the following characteristics: Quantitative variable with zero meaning absence of the quantity 1. Nominal 2. Ordinal 3. Interval 4. Ratio

13. Which level of measurement has the following characteristics: Qualitative variable with no ranking 1. Nominal 2. Ordinal 3. Interval 4. Ratio

14. Which level of measurement has the following characteristics: Quantitative variable with zero arbitrary 1. Nominal 2. Ordinal 3. Interval 4. Ratio

15. The two types of studies are: 1. Observational and Experimental 2. Population and Sample 3. Descriptive and Inferential 4. Discrete and Continuous

16. 1.2 Observational Studies vs. Designed Experiments Distinguish between an observational study and an experiment Explain the various types of observational studies

17. An observational study…. 1. Influences the value of the response variable 2. Influences the value of the explanatory variable 3. Influences the value of both variables 4. Does not influence either variable

18. An observational study… 1. Seeks to learn the characteristics of a population 2. Seeks to determine the relationship between two variables 3. Seeks to learn the characteristics of a sample 4. All of the above 5. None of the above

19. A designed experiment …. 1. Influences the value of the response variable 2. Influences the value of the explanatory variable 3. Influences the value of both variables 4. Does not influence either variable

20. A designed experiment …. 1. Implies causation 2. Is easy to conduct 3. Has no lurking variables 4. Is controlled

21. Determine the type of study for each situation: Sixty females that are 40 pounds overweight are randomly divided into two groups. One group is treated with a diet and exercise program. The other is treated the exact same diet but no exercise program. After 6 months, the weight-loss of each individual is recorded. 1. Cross-Sectional 2. Case-Controlled 3. Cohort

22. Determine the type of study for each situation: 400 people were given a taste test to determine if they preferred 7-up or Sprite. 1. Cross-Sectional 2. Case-Controlled 3. Cohort

23. 1.3 Simple Random Sample Obtain a simple random sample

24. A simple random sample of size 8 needs to be obtained from a population of 67. How many digits should you look at when selecting this sample from a table of random digits? 1. One 2. Two 3. Three 4. As many as you want

25. Using a seed of 1234, find a simple random sample of size 2 of this class: Adam, Cody, Colin, Cory, Emily, Evan, Faith, Jackie, Jennifer, Lindsay, Rachel, Ronald, Ryan, Tony, Zack Matching Keywords: 14 Keywords: ADAM COLIN

26. Using a Table of Random Digits beginning at Row 10, Column 10 (going across the table), obtain a simple random sample of size 2 Adam, Cody, Colin, Cory, Emily, Evan, Faith, Jackie, Jennifer, Lindsay, Rachel, Ronald, Ryan, Tony, Zack Matching Keywords: 13 Keywords: CODY ZACK

27. 1.4 Other Effective Sampling Methods Obtain a stratified sample Obtain a systematic sample Obtain a cluster sample

28. Which statistical technique has the following characteristics: individuals for the sample are easily obtained and are self- selected Usually contains the most bias 1. Simple Random Sample 2. Systematic Random Sample 3. Convenience Sample 4. Cluster Sample 5. Stratified Sample

29. Which statistical technique has the following characteristics: separating the population into non-overlapping groups then obtaining a SRS from each group 1. Simple Random Sample 2. Systematic Random Sample 3. Convenience Sample 4. Cluster Sample 5. Stratified Sample

30. Which statistical technique has the following characteristics: every element in the set has an equal chance of being selected samples may be obtained from random number generators 1. Simple Random Sample 2. Systematic Random Sample 3. Convenience Sample 4. Cluster Sample 5. Stratified Sample

31. Which statistical technique has the following characteristics: obtained by selecting all individuals within a randomly selected collection or group of individuals 1. Simple Random Sample 2. Systematic Random Sample 3. Convenience Sample 4. Cluster Sample 5. Stratified Sample

32. 1.5 Bias in Sampling Explain the sources of bias in sampling

33. Which of the following can affect the validity of a study… 1. The order in which the questions are presented 2. The wording of the questions 3. Non-response 4. All of the above

34. 1.6 The Design of Experiments Describe the characteristics of an experiment Explain the steps in designing an experiment Explain the completely randomized design Explain the matched-pairs design Explain the randomized block design

35. Using twins as subjects in an experiment would best be utilized in which type of experimental design? 1. Completely randomized 2. Matched-pairs 3. Randomized block 4. None of the above

36. Which design is typically used to address confounding effects? 1. Completely randomized 2. Matched-pairs 3. Randomized block 4. None of the above

37. The four members of Skylab had their lymphocyte count per cubic millimeter measured 1 day before lift-off and measured again on their return to Earth. What type of experimental design is this? 1. Completely randomized 2. Matched-pairs 3. Randomized block 4. None of the above

38. Homework Review Exercises Use the chart on page 59 to determine which questions you need to practice for tomorrow. All the answers are in the back of the book. Test tomorrow – 25 multiple choice – 4 essay