1. Exploration into the Development of Gothic Literature By: Shawn Barton

2. The Monk Written by Matthew Gregory Lewis in 1796 Written by Matthew Gregory Lewis in 1796 One of the original Gothic Romance novels One of the original Gothic Romance novels Wasn’t well accepted by critics of the time but sold very well Wasn’t well accepted by critics of the time but sold very well One of the first novels that pictured a priest as a villainous character One of the first novels that pictured a priest as a villainous character

3. Tone in The Monk The novel shows a tone of anti-Catholicism. The church is shown as an outdated system that leads to the persecution of many. Also, Ambrosio is a victim of the system because he is led to follow its teachings only because he is rewarded by others for his faith instead of being truly faithful. When his beliefs are challenged thy quickly crumble. The tone directly relates to the purpose of the novel which was to criticize and institution. The novel shows a tone of anti-Catholicism. The church is shown as an outdated system that leads to the persecution of many. Also, Ambrosio is a victim of the system because he is led to follow its teachings only because he is rewarded by others for his faith instead of being truly faithful. When his beliefs are challenged thy quickly crumble. The tone directly relates to the purpose of the novel which was to criticize and institution.

4. Use of Imagery There was actually a lack of imagery used in the novel. The demons were described in detail but many aspects of the novel were incomplete in their descriptions. The author stated what had occurred and gave little detail in his descriptions. He was more focused on the actions of his characters and what they did rather than how they did. For example, Matthew Lewis wrote about how a mob of angry townsfolk attacked a nunnery and he would describe the effects of what the mob did but he didn’t provide much description of what took place in this event. There was actually a lack of imagery used in the novel. The demons were described in detail but many aspects of the novel were incomplete in their descriptions. The author stated what had occurred and gave little detail in his descriptions. He was more focused on the actions of his characters and what they did rather than how they did. For example, Matthew Lewis wrote about how a mob of angry townsfolk attacked a nunnery and he would describe the effects of what the mob did but he didn’t provide much description of what took place in this event.

5. Voice used by Matthew Lewis The voice utilized by Lewis in this novel is one of negativity. Lewis seems to view he world as a place filled with both good and evil. However, evil prevails because of the institutions in place and their effect on the people in them. The voice may be called pessimistic when observing human behavior and what a person would do to fulfill their desires The voice utilized by Lewis in this novel is one of negativity. Lewis seems to view he world as a place filled with both good and evil. However, evil prevails because of the institutions in place and their effect on the people in them. The voice may be called pessimistic when observing human behavior and what a person would do to fulfill their desires

6. Importance of Irony in The Monk The irony used in this novel is vital. Without it, the story would lose all its meaning. Ambrosio provides all the irony through his actions. He is worshipped almost as a living saint for his virtue and his unwavering faith. The irony comes with his downfall. Ambrosio is led to commit murder and rapes his sister so that he may fulfill his desires. The irony used in this novel is vital. Without it, the story would lose all its meaning. Ambrosio provides all the irony through his actions. He is worshipped almost as a living saint for his virtue and his unwavering faith. The irony comes with his downfall. Ambrosio is led to commit murder and rapes his sister so that he may fulfill his desires. At the conclusion of the novel, he is charged with using witchcraft and would have been burned alive. To avoid this fate, he sacrifices his chance for salvation and gives his soul to the devil. The irony comes with his drastic change in the importance he placed on his faith in God. At the conclusion of the novel, he is charged with using witchcraft and would have been burned alive. To avoid this fate, he sacrifices his chance for salvation and gives his soul to the devil. The irony comes with his drastic change in the importance he placed on his faith in God.

7. Dracula Written by Bram Stoker in 1897 Written by Bram Stoker in 1897 An example of a Victorian Gothic novel An example of a Victorian Gothic novel Depicts the battle between good and evil Depicts the battle between good and evil Didn’t become popular until it was adapted into a film Didn’t become popular until it was adapted into a film Popular due to the time in which it was written and the technological advances of the time Popular due to the time in which it was written and the technological advances of the time

8. Tone in Dracula The novel displays an overall dark tone. The impact of Dracula’s actions create a bleak outlook on the future. This tone allows the triumph of the protagonists to be enhanced. The characters, who are respectable and overall good people, face this evil head on and triumph. The tone helps to set the odds against their success but they overcome it. The novel displays an overall dark tone. The impact of Dracula’s actions create a bleak outlook on the future. This tone allows the triumph of the protagonists to be enhanced. The characters, who are respectable and overall good people, face this evil head on and triumph. The tone helps to set the odds against their success but they overcome it.

9. The purpose of Imagery in Dracula Imagery is heavily used in an effort to enhance the tone. The setting of Dracula’s castle and its appearance is described in detail. Stoker uses horror so that the reader will remain interested in the plot. He utilizes imagery when describing how Dracula would suck the blood out of his victim and how he attempted to change Mina Harker into a vampire. Imagery is heavily used in an effort to enhance the tone. The setting of Dracula’s castle and its appearance is described in detail. Stoker uses horror so that the reader will remain interested in the plot. He utilizes imagery when describing how Dracula would suck the blood out of his victim and how he attempted to change Mina Harker into a vampire.

10. Voice used by Bram Stoker Stoker utilizes a more personal voice. Rather than Stoker offering his own voice in the novel, the voice comes directly from the characters due to his writing style. The novel is composed of journal entries, letters, and newspaper clippings written by the protagonists. Through this, they offer their own opinions on the situation which may vary from highly optimistic to having a negative outlook on the probable outcome of the situation. There isn’t one specific voice and this allows the reader to have a better understanding of what is taking place. The novel is written so that the actions and thoughts of the protagonists are known in detail by the reader. Stoker utilizes a more personal voice. Rather than Stoker offering his own voice in the novel, the voice comes directly from the characters due to his writing style. The novel is composed of journal entries, letters, and newspaper clippings written by the protagonists. Through this, they offer their own opinions on the situation which may vary from highly optimistic to having a negative outlook on the probable outcome of the situation. There isn’t one specific voice and this allows the reader to have a better understanding of what is taking place. The novel is written so that the actions and thoughts of the protagonists are known in detail by the reader.

11. Importance of Irony in Dracula Irony is not very important to the overall plot in Dracula. Everything is described and actually is as it seems. The protagonists are good in every aspect and the vampires are evil in every aspect. This novel is basically the battle between good and evil with good prevailing. Irony is not very important to the overall plot in Dracula. Everything is described and actually is as it seems. The protagonists are good in every aspect and the vampires are evil in every aspect. This novel is basically the battle between good and evil with good prevailing.