1. Chapter 9 Spain Looks Westward Christopher Columbus finally finds a sponsor for his epic adventure across the Atlantic.

2. What elements of a society’s worldview might lead to a desire to create an empire? The year is 1492. Columbus sets out from Spain to sail the ocean blue. This was a great turning point in the history of Spain. What was happening in Spain at that time? What factors led King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to decide to support Columbus’s venture?

3. ReconquistaReconquista CaliphateCaliphate PrincipalitiesPrincipalities Spanish InquisitionSpanish Inquisition MonotheismMonotheism PolytheismPolytheism MissionariesMissionaries HidalgosHidalgos PropagandaPropaganda Code of ChivalryCode of Chivalry

4. Geography and Religion “Different countries look in different directions” “Geography controls everything” Spain Italy

5. al-Andalus, Muslim Spain  At the beginning of the Middle Ages, almost everyone in Spain was Christian.  In the year 711, a Muslim force crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and landed in Spain.  Many Christians converted to Islam, but some did not.

6. Life and society For the next 500 yrs. Spain was part of a vast empire. Muslim rulers and rich merchants supported the arts,music and architecture.

7. Centres of Learning Learning was greatly valued in Muslim society as a way of understanding the universe and to aid in living an ethical life. Cordoba, Seville, and Granada, became great centers of learning. Maimonides, the great Jewish thinker

8. Religious Tolerance Muslim Spain was a society that was relatively tolerant of religious minorities. Ibn Rushd, was a Muslim philosopher born is Spain.

9. Reconquista “reconquest”