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Chapter 17: Assassination and Reconstruction
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Chapter Focus Questions What were the competing political plans for reconstructing the defeated Confederacy? What were the competing political plans for reconstructing the defeated Confederacy? How difficult was the transition from slavery to freedom for African Americans? How difficult was the transition from slavery to freedom for African Americans? What was the political and social legacy of Reconstruction in the southern states? What was the political and social legacy of Reconstruction in the southern states? What were the post-Civil War transformations in the economic and political life of the North? What were the post-Civil War transformations in the economic and political life of the North?
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Lincoln on April 10, 1865 – 5 days before his death
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Lincoln with son Tad on February 9 th, 1864
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John Wilkes Booth 1838-1865
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Ford’s Theater – Lincoln assassinated while watching Our American Cousin
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Artist’s portrayal of assassination – “sic semper tyrannis” [Thus always to tyrants]
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Booth breaks leg when lands on Theater stage
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Reward poster for the conspirators – Booth trapped two weeks later in a VA barn
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Executions of Lewis Paine, George Atzerodt, David Herold, and Mary Surratt on July 7, 1865 – 8 were found guilt by a military tribunal, some went to prison
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Lincoln’s funeral procession on Pennsylvania Avenue – a special funeral train took 2 weeks to Springfield, Illinois [1968 RFK – “Like a Bridge Over Troubled Water”]
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Andrew Johnson 1808-1875 – pardoned 13,000 former Confederates, impeached but found not guilty by one vote
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Senator Charles Sumner of MA -- a chief architect of Congressional Reconstruction
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Rep. Thaddeus Stevens 1792-1868 – helped secure Civil Rights Act of 1866, helped draft 14 th Amendment, Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
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Former slave pens in Alexandra, VA
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Freedmen at Richmond, VA April 1865
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1872 – African Americans in Congress [l to r] Sen Hiram Revels, Miss; Rep Benjamin Turner, AL; Rep Robert DeLarge, SC; Josiah Walls, FLA; Joseph Rainey, SC; Robert Brown Elliott, SC
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Sen. Blanche Kelso Bruce, Mississippi elected in 1874, Oberlin graduate
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Sen. Hiram Revels, US Senate from Mississippi in 1870
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Primary school for Vicksburg freemen – Freedmen’s Bureau established March 3, 1865
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Howard University law school, 1900 – Howard was established in Washington, D.C. in 1867 named after Oliver O. Howard, director of the Freedman’s Bureau
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1876 voting cartoon
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Ku Klux Klan members, 1866 Tennessee
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Thomas Nast cartoon – Columbia is replacing the seceded states in the Union “Let us have peace”
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“Reconstruction of the South” -- Federal generals leading towards peace
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Thomas Nast cartoon shows freedmen as victims of Democratic Party
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Edwin M. Stanton 1814-1869 - Lincoln’s Sec. of War, fired by Johnson - 1868
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Impeachment Committee of the House [l to r] Benjamin Butler, James Wilson, Thaddeus Stevens, George Boutwell, Thomas Williams, John Logan, John Bingham
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1868 Republican Convention in Chicago nominates Grant
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Cartoon about carpetbagging
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Frederick Douglass 1817-1895
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1873 election of Georgia Democrat John Brown Gordon 1832-1904 to Senate was “Redemption” because he had been officer with Lee
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Henry Clay Warmoth, 1842-1932 -- Carpetbagger governor of LA from 1868 - 1872
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Thomas Nast cartoon “Solid South”
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Horace Greeley 1811-1872 – founded NY Tribune in 1841, ran against Grant in 1872 as a Liberal Republican and Democrat
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Rutherford B. Hayes 1822-1893 – Ohio governor who became Republican president in contested election of 1876
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Painting of Electoral Commission of 1877 [Florida case]
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Samuel J. Tilden 1814-1886 -- denied presidency when several southern Democrats in Congress failed to support him in return for an end to Reconstruction
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