1. (chondro = cartilage, ichthyes = fish) Ichthyology = study of fish Skeleton – cartilage

2. Dorso-ventrally flattened body Dorso-ventrally flattened body Large, wing-like pectoral fins Large, wing-like pectoral fins Gill openings on ventral side of head Gill openings on ventral side of head Habitat – shallow water Habitat – shallow water

3. Sting rays

4. Manta Ray

5. Giant Manta Ray

7. Skate Rays

9. Placoid (dermal) scales, embedded in skin, feel like sand-paper Placoid (dermal) scales, embedded in skin, feel like sand-paper No gill covers No gill covers No swim bladder – No swim bladder – swim or sink Fusiform body – Fusiform body –streamlined great for swimming

10. Placoid Scales

11. Teeth - triangular, up to 3,000, in rows, ready to pop up Shark facts

12. Senses: Smell – Smell – very acute can smell one drop of blood from 1,000 feet away (1 part per 10 billion parts of water)

13. Vibration – Vibration – use lateral line Electrical fields – Electrical fields – use ampullae of Lorenzini on snout & around eyes Senses:

14. Senses: Sight – good, range = 70 – 100 feet, color vision Sight – good, range = 70 – 100 feet, color vision (as indicated by the presence of cone cells in their retinas)

15. Whale shark, largest fish in the ocean

16. Whale shark

18. Nurse Shark

20. Basking Shark

21. Great White Shark

24. Bull Shark

26. Hammerhead Sharks

28. Black-tipped Shark

30. Alarming situation