1. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 1yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Lecture 18 Photon Entanglement and Teleportation Reminder: Lecture notes taker: Zhou Fang HWK4 due date extended to 4/14 Monday Condensed Matter Seminar Friday 3:30pm on QD-Si energy transfer (excitonic)

2. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 2yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Course Outline Part 1: basic review: Optics+Quantum; Part 2: Basic Light- matter interaction; laser; Part 3: Quantum Optics of photons Part 4: More advanced light-matter interaction Part 5: Quantum information/photonics/ applications Subject to change; Check updates on course web/wiki

3. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 3yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Today’s Plan Quantum Entanglement and Teleportation (photons) [FQ Chap 14] Student Presentation of Special Topic: Boson Sampling (photons)

4. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 4yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Quantum Entanglement & Teleportation (of Photons) Beam Me Up Scotty? A Q&A about Quantum Teleportation with H. Jeff Kimble ---- Scientific American 2008

5. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 5yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Entangled States (“Bell States”) A “many-body” (at least 2 particles) state: Cannot be factored into “product” states (|particle1>  |particle2> etc.) Example: (perfect positive correlation)(perfect negative correlation) Can be generated from product state by CNOT gate Entanglement also important for many-body correlated quantum states, “topological order”, eg. in FQHE (cf. Haldane, Bernevig, …)

6. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 6yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Generate Entangled States (correlated photon pairs) Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-Bohm Individual measurement results: random yet correlated b/t two detectors

7. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 7yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Schrodinger Cat? But: Decoherence in macro object (environment)

8. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 8yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Generation of entangled photon pairs Cascade in atomic transitions (eg. Ca) Down-conversion in nonlinear crystal (“type-II”) Phase matching

9. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 9yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Single Photon Interferometer Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer

10. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 10yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Quantum Theory of HBT Experiment (normal ordering) (vac) classical quantum input for |  1 >=|n> (number state) for |  1 >=|  > (coherent state) =1 (=0 “anti-bunching” for single photon)

11. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 11yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ “Which path” interferometer Possibility to know  destroys interference

12. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 12yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ “Bell’s theorem/inequality” (for local hidden variables) ---- violation proves no LHVs QM LHV “in-flight” change no >c info Aspect’82

13. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 13yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Teleportation Quantum state (info), not the physical qubit/entity (eg. photon)

14. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 14yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ EPR/Bell-assisted teleportation

15. Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 15yongchen@purdue.edu Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics PHYS522 ECE695 (“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/ Nature 390, 575-579 (11 December 1997) | doi:10.1038/37539; Received 16 October 1997; Accepted 18 November 1997 Experimental quantum teleportation Dik Bouwmeester 1, Jian-Wei Pan 1, Klaus Mattle 1, Manfred Eibl 1, Harald Weinfurter 1 & Anton Zeilinger 1 1