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L4-S1 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CMPE Advanced Object-Oriented Analysis & Design Dr. M.E. Fayad, Professor Computer Engineering Department, Room #283I College of Engineering San José State University One Washington Square San José, CA 95192-0180 http://www.engr.sjsu.edu/~fayad
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L4-S2 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 2 Lesson 4: Modeling Concepts
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L4-S3 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad Lesson Objectives 3 Understand Modeling concepts Using UML concepts Explore OO models
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L4-S4 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 4 Logical Forms The same substance often take several forms. ice, steam, water, snow, frost, fog are different forms of H 2 O Some substances can be transformed from one form to another. Not all of our studies are of material substances. Speech, Writing, Geometry, Physics, etc. But each area of human study acknowledges the existence of “good form”. “Form” is thus equated with the existence of a pattern/order/consistency/regularity
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L4-S5 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 5 Structure “Structure” is the way a thing/construct/form us built up from its parts. Changing the structure’s content can lead to new forms. Musical notes, part of a house, etc. A given content may exist in several different forms. But each area of human study acknowledges the existence of “good form”. Conversely, a form may also appear in several different contents In fashion, dresses can be made from different materials.
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L4-S6 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 6 Abstraction “Abstraction” is the consideration of a form apart from its contents. Examples: “roundness” is a property of a golf ball, a snow ball, a baseball, etc. “hardness’ is a property of diamond, wood, steel, etc. Abstraction can be improved upon by practice and study. Abstract forms are discovered, and named, in the investigation of analogous forms. A song ==> piano, guitar, etc. A sphere ==> gold, steel, etc. We teach abstraction by presenting a set of different things (physical or conceptual) and pointing out the common features that called formal properties. formal properties are those properties that allow us to express the form of a thing.
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L4-S7 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 7 Concept “A concept” is an abstract form or an abstraction. There is a set corresponding to each concept. “The dress is white” means the dress is a member of the set of white things. These sets need not to be disjoint (i.e., the same member may appear in several sets. The white dress is short and charming. These set are called classes or categories. Concepts are formal properties we use to describe things. The primitive notions of a factual scientific theory are its concepts Biology ==> cells, bacteria, virus, animal, plant, etc. Adjectives & adverbs usually are the names of concepts in English
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L4-S8 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 8 Roles A “role” is the part of a person or thing plays in a specific situation, operation, etc.. Many different object can play the same role. Many roles can be played by the same object. The white dress is short and charming. A description of a role involves descriptions of: Activities to be performed Sequences or processes Commands to be given and received Roles are, therefore, abstractions (i.e., abstract forms or concepts). In fact, roles are abstract temporal forms (i.e., a certain behavior at relative points in time).
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L4-S9 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 9 Actors Roles are defined independently of the things used to play that role. Conversely, Actors are classes that are capable of playing different roles. They are often classes of physical things. Man, Woman, Car, etc. They are often capable of playing different roles in the same time Woman ==> Doctor, Mother, Pilot They often take-on and lose roles over time
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L4-S10 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 10 Discussion Questions Define: logical forms, abstraction, concepts, roles, actors, and objects T/F Logical forms are classes. Concepts are attributes. Structures are inheritance. Abstraction is the consideration of a form apart from its contents. Debate: Roles are important than actors in any software development. What are the differences between actors and roles?
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L4-S11 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad –Object-Oriented Concepts Classes Objects Attributes Methods Messages Associations Aggregations Inheritance Polymorphism Localization 11 Questions for the Next Lecture
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L4-S12 Modeling Concepts 2003 SJSU -- CmpE M.E. Fayad 12 Tasks for Next Lecture Task 1: Problem Statement for team projects are needed (see sample problems on OOPSLA – DesignFest). This is due on the third week of the semester. Task 2: Identify the team members of your team. Select a team name and e-mail me, the team name, team’s members’ names, their e-mails, phone numbers -- Immediately. Task 3: Think about extra assignments and writing essays. E-mail me if you like to start right away. Please note that problem statements must be submitted electronically as MS Word format.
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