2. Ancient Greece

3. SOL WH1.5 The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western Civilization by: Assessing the influence of geography on Greek economic, social, and political development, including the impact of Greek commerce and colonies; Assessing the influence of geography on Greek economic, social, and political development, including the impact of Greek commerce and colonies; Describing Greek mythology and religion; Describing Greek mythology and religion; Identifying the social structure and role of slavery, explaining the significance of citizenship and the development of democracy, and comparing the city-states of Athens and Sparta; Identifying the social structure and role of slavery, explaining the significance of citizenship and the development of democracy, and comparing the city-states of Athens and Sparta; Evaluating the significance of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars; Evaluating the significance of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars; Characterizing life in Athens during the Golden Age of Pericles; Characterizing life in Athens during the Golden Age of Pericles; Citing contributions in drama, poetry, history, sculpture, architecture, science, mathematics, and philosophy, w/ emphasis on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle; Citing contributions in drama, poetry, history, sculpture, architecture, science, mathematics, and philosophy, w/ emphasis on Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle; Explaining the conquest of Greece by Macedonia and the spread of Hellenistic culture by Alexander the Great. Explaining the conquest of Greece by Macedonia and the spread of Hellenistic culture by Alexander the Great.

4. Greek Mythology & Religion Why did they believe in so many Gods? Why did they believe in so many Gods? What did all of the Gods represent? What did all of the Gods represent?

5. A Quick Movie

6. Greek Religion The Greeks believed in many gods {= polytheistic} due to the uncertainty of the time period The Gods represented human desires, human fears, and the world around them Their Gods influenced the Romans.

7. The Greek Gods

8. Zeus (Jupiter) King/ Father of the Gods Leader of both Gods and men God of thunder, wind, and rains Associated with: –Lightening bolts, Eagles, Scepter

9. Interesting Facts about Zeus -This is a painting called Saturno Devorando a un hijo by Francisco Goya He was almost eaten alive by his father Cronos (Saturn). He killed his father to free his siblings. He gave birth to Athena (Minerva) by himself. He fathered numerous gods, goddesses, and legendary mortals.

10. Hera (Juno) Wife and sister of Zeus Queen of the Gods Goddess of Women, Marriage and Birth/ Fertility Associated with: –Peacocks, Sceptre, Cows

11. Interesting Facts about Hera She created all of her own children (without the help of Zeus) She was a very jealous wife. She often disfigured, ridiculed, hated, and made trouble for Zeus’ other children.

12. Poseidon (Neptune) God of the Sea and Earthquakes Brother of Zeus Associated with: –Trident, Dolphin, Fish, Horses

13. Hermes (Mercury) God of travelers & commerce Messenger to the Gods Associated with: –Winged hat and sandals (with wings), and the Caduceus

14. Ares (Mars) God of War, Anger & Violence, City Defense Son of Zeus and Hera In love with Aphrodite Associated with: –Spears, helmets, shield, armor, vulture, dogs

15. Demeter (Ceres) Goddess of grain, bread, and agriculture. Also seen as a “mother earth” figure. Sister of Zeus Associated with: –Wheat, poppies, cornucopia

16. Apollo God of sun, music and prophecy Twin brother of Artemis (Diana) Son of Zeus and Leto Associated with: –Laurel, Golden bow and quiver, golden chariot, lyre, Delphi

17. Artemis (Diana) Goddess of the Hunt, Moon, Light, Song & Dance, Health, and animals. Seen as a protector of the vulnerable (especially women). Twin sister of Apollo. Associated with: –Bow, fawn (deer), crescent moon

18. Fun Fact: What television and comic-book character is (very) loosely based on Artemis?

19. -Answer: Wonder Woman Her mother is apparently Diana. She’s seen as a protector of the innocent and a role model for women/ girls. Artemis is also associated with the Amazon women.

20. Aphrodite (Venus) Goddess of Love (and lust) and Beauty Lover of Ares, mother of Eros (Cupid) Was born out of sea foam Associated with: –Cupid, Rose, Dove, Swan

21. Athena (Minerva) Daughter of Zeus (he gave birth to her. She popped out of his head.) Goddess of wisdom, Intelligence, war, weaving, and discipline. Associated with: –Olive trees, helmet, spear, breastplate, owl, the city of Athens

22. Hades (Pluto) Brother of Zeus God of the Underworld and Wealth The only non- Olympian God Associated with: –Hell, Death, Chariot, Scepter

23. Mythology Today Common Words that derive from mythology: Aphrodisiac Narcissistic/ Narcissus/ Narcissism Volcanoes Arachnophobia/ Arachnid (Arachne) Nike Titans Cassiopeia (constellation) Odyssey Amazon Gemini Phoenix Sirens Styx Intoxicate (toxon) Parasite (Parasitos) Herculean Midas Touch Achilles' Heel Mentor

24. Bibliography http://www.loggia.com/myth/ http://www.pantheon.org/