1. Bellringer What happened to the Indus River Valley civilization? Get out your vocab list

2. Agenda 1.Aryan migrations 2.Simulation: Wuzzles 3.Hindu Beliefs

3. Objectives Students will be able to… 28. Explain the impact of Aryan migration into India. 29. Describe the major beliefs and traditions of Hinduism.

4. Indus River Valley Decline begins around 1750 BC Reason for fall is unknown Objective #28

5. India Geography Isolated – Peninsula – Sub-continent Himalaya Hindu-Kush But, mountain passes allow migration

6. Aryan Migrations Aryan nomadic groups – Come from north of the Black Sea – Move into parts of Asia and Europe Settle in India among the agricultural people already there

7. Aryan Culture Aryans brought elements of their culture to India – Gods – Sacred writings: the Vedas and Upanishads – Religious rituals – Social class structure Imposed their beliefs on the natives

8. Simulation: WuzzlesWuzzles Objective #29

9. The Caste System The rigid social class structure in India, a part of Hindu beliefs – Caste determines your social status, job, friends, spouse – Cannot change caste in your lifetime – Move up if you lead a good life and follow the rules

10. The Caste System

11. The Brahman Hindu spiritual goal is to reunite their individual soul with Brahman, the “World Soul” The world, all individuals and individual souls, and all gods derive from the Brahman

12. Hindu Gods All gods are “manifestations” of the Brahman Manifestation: appearance in bodily form – Hundreds or thousands of “gods” – VERY open religion – can worship many different things and be a Hindu Is it polytheistic or monotheistic?

13. Hindu Gods Common Hindu Gods – Brahma, the creator – Vishnu, the preserver – Shiva, the destroyer

14. Freeing the Soul To reunite your atman with the Brahman, you must achieve perfect understanding: moksha This takes more than one lifetime! Reincarnation (or rebirth in a new body) occurs after the cycle of life, samsara, is complete Reaching moksha ends reincarnation

15. Reincarnation Your position in the next life is determined by karma, the sum of your good and bad deeds and how well you performed your dharma, or the duty of your role in life Dharma is associated with your caste, and karma determines what caste you return to – a very serious punishment or reward

16. Reasonable Question Why did so many people agree to a religious, cultural, and social system that made their lives miserable with no hope of improvement?

17. Mr. Poth’s Rule of World History #5 They’re called gods for a reason

18. Summarize!