2. Man is born good. 兼爱 All human beings are equal. 己所不欲, 勿施于人 The family is important. We are members of a group. 民为重, 君为轻。 Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 家天下 People are more important than rulers. 人性本善 We should love all human beings. 无长幼贵贱, 皆天之臣也。

3. confuciusMenciusMozi Philosophers of Ancient China

4. 体仁，中庸，修礼，行道 philosopher:Confucius

5. By December 2010, there had been more than 300 Confucius Institutes( 孔子学院 ) and 300 Confucius classrooms( 孔子课堂 ) in 96 countries all over the world, with 40,000,000 people learning Chinese.

6. 仁者爱人，民贵君轻 philosopher:Mencius

7. 兼爱、非攻、尚贤、节用 philosopher:Mozi

8. Fast Reading Look through the passage and answer the following questions. 1.What did Confucius stress? 2.Why did Mencius resign his position? 3.What was Mozi famous for? He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. Because the ruler wasn’t following his advice. He became famous for his unusual clothes and behavior.

9. Read again and decide which statements are true or false. 1. Mozi stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. 2. Mencius’ teachings were very similar to Mozi’s. 3. Mencius was brought up by his grandmother. 4. Mencius resigned because the ruler didn’t pay him. 5. Mencius believe that man is good, and the rulers were more important than people. 6. Mozi’s idea of love was the same with the Confucian idea of kindness. 7. Mozi considered that government was most important, but he hated the idea of war.

10. Careful Reading 1.Work in groups and fill in the blanks with proper words philosopher IdeasAchievements or influence ConfuciusStress the importance of ______, _______ and ______ in society Chinese society was influenced by Confucius’ ideas for more than_____ years MenciusThe reason why man is different from animals is that man is______. If the __________ was kind, then people would be good. People were more important than ____. He hated the state when it ______ people badly. The book of Mencius MoziGovernment was most important. All men were________. We should love all human beings and ___________those who are weaker than ourselves. He _______ the idea of war. He _______ the philosophy called Mohism. kindness dutyorder 2,000 good government rulers treated equal look after hated founded

11. be at war with be similar to bring up follow one’s advice become famous for the reason why… is that…

12. 1.What do you learn from the passage? 2.What should you do when getting on with your parents,teachers and friends? 3.Which of the three philosophers’ teachings do you like best ? And why?

13. Anybody can help others with a willing heart. Let’s try our best to lend others a helping hand and Anybody can help others with a willing heart. Let’s try our best to lend others a helping hand and Work hand in hand Work hand in hand to create a to create a harmonious society ( 和谐社会 ). society ( 和谐社会 ). Just do it!

14. 1.Try to retell the passage “philosophers of ancient China” 2.Write a composition about a famous person in ancient China.