1. Joseph Campbell The Hero’s Journey

2. General Beliefs Student of Freud and Jung Student of Freud and Jung Archetypes Archetypes Collective Unconscious Collective Unconscious Symbolic Interpretation of Myth Symbolic Interpretation of Myth

3. Important Beliefs Joseph Campbell believed all the religions of the world, all the rituals and deities to be “masks” of the same transcendent truth which is “unknowable.” Joseph Campbell believed all the religions of the world, all the rituals and deities to be “masks” of the same transcendent truth which is “unknowable.” Joseph Campbell was fascinated by what he viewed as universal sentiments and truth disseminated through cultures which all featured different manifestations. Joseph Campbell was fascinated by what he viewed as universal sentiments and truth disseminated through cultures which all featured different manifestations. Heroes were important to Campbell because they conveyed, to him, universal truths about how one should live one's life and about an individual's role in society. Heroes were important to Campbell because they conveyed, to him, universal truths about how one should live one's life and about an individual's role in society.

4. The Hero’s Journey According to Campbell, all heroes undergo essentially the same journey. This journey symbolically represents the journey that each individual must go through to become a whole person.

5. Three Parts of the Hero’s Journey The Departure The Departure Initiation Initiation The Return The Return

6. The Departure Call to Adventure - The individual is awakened from everyday life Call to Adventure - The individual is awakened from everyday life Refusal of the Call – Some do not accept the road to adventure. This leads to deformity. Refusal of the Call – Some do not accept the road to adventure. This leads to deformity. Supernatural Aid – A helper figure magically appears Supernatural Aid – A helper figure magically appears Crossing the first threshold – the Hero leaves home Crossing the first threshold – the Hero leaves home Belly of the Whale – the Hero journeys inward, often symbolized by a journey into darkness. Belly of the Whale – the Hero journeys inward, often symbolized by a journey into darkness.

7. Initiation Road of Trials – The hero is tested. Road of Trials – The hero is tested. Meeting with the Goddess - the hero meets the feminine, often all-encompassing love. Meeting with the Goddess - the hero meets the feminine, often all-encompassing love. Temptation away from the Path – often caused by the woman – the hero reviles his fleshly nature Temptation away from the Path – often caused by the woman – the hero reviles his fleshly nature Atonement with the father – the hero makes peace with the ultimate authority Atonement with the father – the hero makes peace with the ultimate authority The Ultimate Boon – the Hero accomplishes his ultimate goal The Ultimate Boon – the Hero accomplishes his ultimate goal

8. The Return Refusal of the Return – the hero refuses to return to his people and remains at the apex of accomplishment Refusal of the Return – the hero refuses to return to his people and remains at the apex of accomplishment Magic Flight – The hero must escape with the boon. Magic Flight – The hero must escape with the boon. Rescue from without – the hero needs help to return to society Rescue from without – the hero needs help to return to society Crossing the return threshold – the hero rejoins society. Crossing the return threshold – the hero rejoins society. Master of Two Worlds – the hero shares the knowledge gained from his journey with society. Master of Two Worlds – the hero shares the knowledge gained from his journey with society.

9. Not every hero undergoes every step, but Campbell wanted to show his idea that Eastern and Western religions are the same on a very basic level, that nobody is right but everyone is searching for the same unknown, and indeed unknowable, answer.