1. Archetypes in Literature

2. Archetype Universal , Collective Unconscious: Archetypes---
Mother, child, hero, trickster, giant, temptress, sage, etc.
Archetypes developed by Jung, a student of Freud
Looking for symbols
Humans were born innately knowing certain archetypes
Evidence lies in the fact that some myths are repeated throughout history in cultures and eras that could not have possibly had contact with one another

3. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Characters
HERO
Search for self-identity results in own destruction
“orphaned” prince: ignorant of heritage until rediscovered
SCAPEGOAT
Innocent character on whom blame is placed or assumes blame
Punished in place of guilty party—which is often society
LONER/OUTCAST
Separated from society
Underdog
Guilt-ridden figure in search of redemption

4. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Characters
VILLAIN
Personification of evil
Unmotivated malice
“Mad scientist” or bully
TEMPTRESS
Possesses what the male (HERO) desires & uses it as means to his destruction
EARTH MOTHER
Nurturing, life-giving aspects of femininity
SAGE
Wise one, teacher, mentor
Stern authority figure
Oracle, prophet, sooth-sayer

5. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Images
COLORS
Red—blood, anger, passion, violence
Gold—greatness, wealth, value
Green—fertility, luxury, growth
Blue—holiness, peace, serenity
White—purity, divine, blessed
NUMBERS
3 = Christian trinity; 4 = seasons; etc.
WATER
Source of life, sustenance, cleansing, purification, baptism
FIRE
Both protective & destructive
Symbolizes human knowledge & industry
FOUR ANCIENT ELEMENTS
Fire, water, air, earth

6. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Images
GARDENS
Natural abundance, New birth, Hope, Eden
SHAPES
Triangle = trinity; circle = eternity
CELESTIAL BODIES
Sun: masculine—giver /destroyer of life
Moon: feminine—passage of time/controls course of human events—seedtime, harvest, etc.
MASCULINE: columns, towers, boats, trees, etc.
FEMININE: bodies of water, caves, doorways, windows
CAVES
Represents the womb & the grave, entrance to underworld
YIN & YANG: balance

7. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Situations
QUEST
Hero’s endeavor to fulfill destiny
RENEWAL OF LIFE
Death & rebirth; resurrection in cycle of seasons or day
INITIATION
Coming of age; rites of passage
THE FALL
Loss of innocence; devolution of paradisiacal life to a tainted life
REDEMPTIVE SACRIFICE: voluntary loss--life

8. Three Main Points of Study
Archetypal Situations
CATALOG OF TASKS
i.e. labors of Hercules
END OF THE WORLD
Apocalyptic battle between good & evil
Armageddon; Ragnarok; Great Flood
TABOO
Culturally forbidden act—incest, patricide, etc.
BANQUET
Fellowship, nourishment of body & soul, symbol of salvation, Heaven