1. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Michael O’Donoghue ( Head of Languages)

2. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Aviation English Trainers – Background (B) – Qualifications / Qualities (Q) – Attitude (A) Aviation English Training Community – Language Teacher -> Aviation English Trainer

3. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Aviation Language Training Community – Know where to go now? See where we’re coming from – 30 years ago » Local – 15 years ago » Regional – 10 years ago » worldwide Now?

4. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 LangEx – Languages – Social sciences – Science TEFL Teaching experience OpEx – Contollers – Pilots – Aeronautical engineers – Regulators – Testing experts Aviation English Training Community

5. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 LangEx – Native speaker – Teaching methods TEFL OpEx – Controllers – Pilots – Aeronautical engineers Credibility 30 years ago: Local ‘Why are we doing this?’ Yves Rengade Because you will / might need it to do your job

6. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 – Teaching methodology: Structural – ‘Logical’ sequence Functional / Notional – Threshold level Communicative 30 years ago: Local Credibility

7. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Teaching methodology (2): – General English Course Dominated by ‘internal logic’ – English for Special Purposes (ESP) Specific needs Limited time & resources

8. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 LangEx – Develop an interest for all things aeronautical Never become OpEx Hiding incomptetence is very dangerous – Reassured Not his / her knowledge HumilityAmbition Proficiency of trainees Qualities / Attitudes

9. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 PELA: – Data driven Needs analysis – How controllers actually manipulate language – Multi-disciplinary: Development – LangEx / OpEx Rater training – LangEx / OpEx 15 years ago: Regional

10. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 LangEx Commercial World English??? OpEx TestEx RegEx AdminEx LitigEx??? 10 years ago: Worldwide PRICESG Doc 9835 Cir 318 Cir 323

11. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Aviation English Training (AET) – Recognised discipline – Fertile collaboration LangEx / OpEx et alia – Now the dust is settling Clearer view of roles of LangEx and OpEx Now

12. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 AET Ab-initio training in L1 Phraseology & Subject Matter Training Language skills OpEx AET Ab-initio training in English Language assistance Language skills OpEx AET Preliminary training to prepare for subsequent Operational training in English Language skills & limited Subject Matter Training OpEx AET In-service training Trainee is SME Language skills OpEx Varieties of AET

13. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 High stakes Safety Career Economic / commercial Accountability & Responsablity – A viation E nglish T rainer – A viation E nglish T ester AET: Species in danger!

14. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Credibility Ambition Humility Learner’s language proficiency Communicative approach Multidisciplinary (World English) Resource management Accountability Aviation English Trainer in an Aviation English Training Community ICAO Workshops / ICAEA / WAME etc. Conclusion

15. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 Thankyou! – michael.odonoghue@enac.fr

16. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University Washback vs Hijack Positive washback – Focus on oral / aural skills – Listening for information vs listening for words – Specific controller listening skills Perverse washback – PELA ‘verbose’ on R/T – ‘Tarting up for the test’ Cramming Test-taking strategies ‘Archives’ Hijack – The test becomes the objective Toeic / Toefl – The minimum becomes the maximum ICAO level 4

17. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ‘Ego-centric’ TESTS Pass [THE TEST] Is [THIS TEST] more difficult than [THAT TEST]? [THE TEST] can distinguish between levels 3,4, and 5. [THE TEST] is only validated to distinguish between levels 3 and 4.

18. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University Test-taker centred Tests [ The test ] provides an opportunity for [the candidates] to ‘ demonstrate [their proficiency] in [the target language]’. [Test taker][Raters] Test

19. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010 BA languagesLove of the language & of language in general (University professors) Science Faculty 1 year!!! Teaching methods Structural TEFL Workshops Theory ESP (English for Special Purposes) Prioritise Select ‘Help them get by!’ Specific needs Limited time &money LangExOpEx B ackground Q ualifications A ttitude

20. www.enac.fr École nationale de l’aviation civile The French Civil Aviation University 30 years ago NationalAviation School Native Speakers Controllers Pilots Teaching Experts ‘Why are we doing this?’ ‘Because you will / might need it in your job’ Aeronautical engineers ‘Just for the fun of it’ LangExOpEx Credibility B ackground Q ualifications A ttitude ICAO Workshop, Roma, 4th March 2010