1. Essential Question What were the important reform movements of the early 1800s? What were the important reform movements of the early 1800s?

2. Reforming Society

3. Second Great Awakening Revivals Preachers motivated listeners to become socially active

4. Benevolent Societies Preached Christian values Preached Christian values Tried to help solve social problems Tried to help solve social problems

6. Temperance Societies Widespread alcoholism Widespread alcoholism Temperance = against consumption of alcohol Temperance = against consumption of alcohol

7. American Temperance Union Groups that pushed for laws to prohibit the sale of alcohol Groups that pushed for laws to prohibit the sale of alcohol

9. Prison Reform Cleaner and safer facilities Cleaner and safer facilities Emphasis on rehabilitation Emphasis on rehabilitation Criminals can become good citizens Criminals can become good citizens

10. Dorothea Dix Prison reform Prison reform Special institutions for the mentally ill Special institutions for the mentally ill

12. Educational Reform Public education – government should fund schools open to all citizens Public education – government should fund schools open to all citizens Horace Mann Horace Mann

13. Quote, Horace Mann “The establishment of a republican government, without well-appointed and efficient means for the universal education of the people, is the most rash and foolhardy experiment ever tried by man... Woe to the republic that rests upon no better foundations than ignorance, selfishness and passion!”

14. Education for Women Emma Willard – girls’ boarding school in Vermont Emma Willard – girls’ boarding school in Vermont Mary Lyon – Mount Holyoke (first college for women) Mary Lyon – Mount Holyoke (first college for women)

15. Elizabeth Blackwell First woman to earn a medical degree in the U.S. First woman to earn a medical degree in the U.S.

17. Women’s Rights Idea that women have an important role to play in society

18. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Organized movement for women’s suffrage

19. Susan B. Anthony Leader in the women’s suffrage movement

20. Seneca Falls Convention Beginning of an organized women’s movement Beginning of an organized women’s movement