1. Ch 24.3 Winds Weather is the horizontal movement of air. Air always moves from H  L pressure. Temperature differences create pressure differences.

2. Local Winds: Sea & Land Breezes http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=vis ualization

3. Local Breezes – over short distances Ex.: Sea breezes – happen during the day because LAND Heats Up FASTER THAN WATER (water takes a long time to heat up and cool down). Local Breezes – over short distances Ex.: Land breezes – happen at night because LAND COOLS DOWN FASTER THAN WATER. Air is mostly heated by I.R. re-radiated off of surfaces. Warmer surfaces  Warmer air  Less dense (more expanded)  Low Pressure Cooler surfaces  Cooler air  Denser  High Pressure Wind moves from H  L pressure

4. Air is mostly heated by I.R. re-radiated off of surfaces. Warmer surfaces  Warmer air  Less dense (more expanded)  Low Pressure Cooler surfaces  Cooler air  Denser  High Pressure Wind moves from H  L pressure Local Breezes – over short distances Ex.: Land breezes – happen at night because LAND COOLS DOWN FASTER THAN WATER.

5. Warm air More Kinetic Energy Less Dense Low Pressure Rises (less dense) Room for moisture Cold air Less Kinetic Energy Denser High Pressure Sinks(denser) Dry (less room for moisture)

6. MOONSOON RAINS are seasonal and experienced in India & S.E. Asia (subtropical locations) Summer – Land in warmer (Low Pressure) than Water (High Pressure). Air moves from water to land carrying moisture --- RAIN. It can rain 37 ft of rain in a few months. Remember … Land heats up faster than water. Winter – Land is cooler than water. Air moves from land to water – this is a DRY SEASON Seasonal Winds: Monsoon Winds

8. GLOBAL WINDS – DUE TO DIFF. IN PRESSURE Warm air rises at the equator and cold dense air sinks at the poles. In general wind want to move from Poles  Equator, but E’s rotation CURVES the path of wind. CORIOLIS EFFECT – DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION, CURVES THE PATH OF THE WIND. Wind & Surface Currents deflect TO THE RIGHT in the N. Hemi; TO THE LEFT in the S. Hemi. WARM AIR RISES – LOW PRESSURE COOL AIR SINKS – HIGH PRESSURE http:// www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1905/es1905page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualizatiohttp:// www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1905/es1905page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/eBridge/Chp29/animations/ch29/global_wind_circulation.swf Global Winds

9. http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/GEO12/unit9/U09L03.htm Global Winds: Warm Low Pressure Air (carrying moisture) Rises @ Equator and Sinks @ 30 N & S (dry, sinking, high pressure air)

10. http://www.ukdivers.net/meteorology/coriolis.htm Global Winds: There are 3 major convection cells of rising and sinking air for each hemisphere. Due to Coriolis: Air deflects to the Right in the N. Hemi. And to the Left in the S. Hemi. Remember: start at the BASE of the arrow.

12. Winds Aloft (high in Troposphere) JET STREAM – Rivers of wind high in the atmosphere - above about 20,000 feet (Tropopause: Boundary of Tropo. & Stratosphere) Also help determine the locations of areas of high and low air pressure at the Earth's surface. Steers Weather. Jet stream dips south … we get cold Canadian air Jet stream slides north … warm Gulf air rides up. Jet Stream: http://www.wunderground.com/US/Region/US/pxJetStream.html

13. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vanished/jet str_giving.html Current Jet Stream Animations: http://www.wunderground.com/global/Regi on/EU/pxJetStream.html