1. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore1 The Future isn’t what it used to be

2. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore2  proposed to interconnect the regional high-speed testbeds … at the rate of the fastest testbeds to form the Asia/Pacific High Speed Network testbed  additional opportunity to establish a bridge from USA to Asia Pacific Testbed through NSF … What APAN’s future looked like in 1996 Concept APEC Symposium for Realizing the Information Society, Tsukuba, Japan, first draft:

3. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore3  Establishment of an Asia-Pacific Network (APAN) broadband network that could:  develop Asia-Pacific hubs  interconnect national broadband test beds in the region  interconnect national research networks in the region  support international collaboration between groups in the region that requires connectivity of this speed  allow coordinated involvement of the region in GIBN  contribute to the development of an Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure as part of a Global Information Infrastructure  support connectivity at lower speeds for developing countries What APAN’s future looked like in 1996 Network

4. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore4 What APAN’s future looked like in 1996 Application Technologies  Remote virtual reality (telepresence)  Tele-collaborative environments (colaboratories)  Remote access to specialized equipment and facilities  Multimedia  Data access and data fusion” “There are various application technologies that could form the basis of regional collaboration that would require a broadband network, e.g.:

5. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore5 What APAN’s future looked like in 1996 Application Areas  Medicine (telemedicine)  Distance education (virtual university/institute)  Remote sensing data  Environment  Weather  Mining  Infrastructure development  Agriculture and Fishing” “These in turn could be applied to problems in the following application areas:

6. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore6 What APAN’s future looked like in 1996 Data, Storage, Visualisation Data Will:  be stored in different places  be gathered from different kinds of remote satellite sensors (e.g. photometric, radar infrared, etc.)  require terabytes and eventually petabytes of massive storage using advanced database techniques  be subject to various levels of pre-processing  require high performance computing systems, sophisticated visualization techniques (e.g. 3D, VR, etc.) and constantly changing analytical tools for its processing  comprise files >1GB in size  comprise long time-series of data”

7. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore7 Global Networking in 1996  Europe - TEN-34 (pre-GEANT)  North America - NSFnet (pre Abilene and CANet)  Asia-Pacific connectivity almost entirely US-centric  Global interconnects rudimentary

8. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore8 Structure of a Global Information Infrastructure 1996

9. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore9 Asia-Pacific Connectivity - 1996

10. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore10 Asia-Pacific Connectivity - 2003

11. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore11 TEIN2 today

12. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore12 TEIN2 today

13. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore13 Enormous strides in recent times  Start of a pan-Asian Network  Much less US centric  “This year will mark the first time that intra-Asian bandwidth usage has significantly outpaced trans-Pacific capacity. “ Telegeography, 21 July 2006  Massively reduced latency  Societal Benefit in addition to vastly improved infrastructure to enhance global collaboration  But are we getting the message across to those that could most benefit?  Are we helping enough for researchers and other potential users get the most benefit?

14. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore14 Telepresence on advanced networks  “As good as being there”  Relies on good  Bandwidth  Quality of service  Latency (delay)  Supported by Human Factors and Computer Human Interaction research

15. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore15 Network Technology/Science interface  In many cases the network is no longer the constraint on throughput – but do the users know?  Improving interaction in disciplines with high-end requirements between network technologists, end-to-end performance specialists and scientists (HEP, radioastronomy)  Is that scalable? Is that enough?  Who else needs to be involved?  Discipline/application specific?  Interactive multimedia…..

16. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore16

17. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore17 Emerging directions – Telepresence (i)  Complex information spaces, such as multidimensional medical images  Support for delivery of complex procedures over a distance  Surgery, Emergency medicine  Synchronous interaction rather than “store & forward”  Not just telehealth…….

18. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore18 Telepresence - continued  Support of multisensoral working  High resolution video  Stereoscopic video  Stereophonic sound  Immersive vision for high situation awareness  Haptic (force) feedback for interaction with tissue (differing views)

19. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore19 Disruptive Technologies and impact  SMS  Blackberry  iPod  In-flight internet access  The wireless environment  Examples if there is time

20. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore20 Today’s Future and the challenges ahead  The pace of change is increasing  Generational challenges  Keeping pace with our communities, engagement and mutual understanding

21. 22 nd APAN Meeting, Singapore21 Governance of APAN  APAN is still very much a volunteer organisation  It doesn’t have the financial backing of it’s counterparts in Europe or North America  APAN is an organisation of “good intent”, with good will and collegiate spirit  But with the pace of change, new environment, new demands and requirements we need to ensure our structure and processes are robust while still remaining an “Organisation of Good Intent”