1. Chapter 18 Section 3-4

2. Fear of Communism  Communist Party in U.S. 100,000 members  Truman soft?  Federal Employee Loyalty Program Government employees ○ 3.2 million investigated ○ Dismissed (212) 2,900 resigned

3. Fear Cont.  House Un-American Activities Committee Movie industry = propaganda slipped into films 43 subpoenaed Hollywood Ten ○ Refused to testify ○ Sent to prison Blacklist ○ 500 actors

4. Spies in U.S.  Alger Hiss Former State Department official Whittaker Chambers = former spy accused Hiss of spying ○ Too long ago to be convicted o Hiss convicted or perjury ○ Nixon prosecuted him

5. Spies  Ethel and Julius Rosenberg Minor activists in Communist Party Accused of giving secrets on how to make atomic bomb to soviets. Jewish Pleaded 5 th Electric chair Thought by many to be innocent

6. McCarthy  Joseph McCarthy Senator – Wisconsin Ineffective legislator charged that Communists taking over government ○ Unsupported ○ said 205 = State Department McCarthyism = Unfair tactic of accusing people of disloyalty w/o evidence  1954 Claims against U.S. Army Senate investigation ○ Improper conduct Died 3 years later ○ Alcoholism

7. H-Bomb race  Hydrogen Bomb 67 times the power of A bomb. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxF10IYOMCo  U.S. = November 1, 1952  Soviets = August 1953  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JyzMPT Ha1U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JyzMPT Ha1U

8. Brinkmanship  Eisenhower Use all our force to go to the edge of all out war ○ Nuclear weapons ○ Policy called = Brinkmanship Cut back Army, expanded Air Force Buildup of nuclear weapons

9. CIA  Central Intelligence Agency Gather information abroad on weapons Covert operations ○ Overthrow governments unfriendly to U.S.

10. Warsaw Pact  Stalin dies 1953  Warsaw Pact Soviet Union Military alliance 7 Easter European Countries Communist version of NATO

11. Middle East  Eisenhower Doctrine The U.S. would defend the Middle East against an attack by any communist country  Hungarian Uprising = 1956 Dominated by the Soviets Wanted a democratic government 30,000 killed 200,000 fled west Why didn’t the U.S. Help??

12. Cold War = Skies  Nikita Khrushchev took over after Stalin  Wanted Communism to rule world Peaceful coexistence ○ Compete economically / scientifically  Space Race  Race to show who was more advanced October 4, 1957 ○ Soviets ○ Sputnik = artificial satellite January 31, 1958 ○ U.S. ○ Satellite

13. U-2  U-2 Incident = 1960  First drones Collect information on troops / movement Francis Gary Powers ○ Shot down ○ U.S. had to own up ○ Tensions emerged ○ Pilot sentenced to 10 years in prison