1. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 General consideration on KuaFu-B ( 夸父 B) KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt Jing-Song Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University 夸父计划

2. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 KuaFu-B and Ravens 东汉王充在《论衡 · 说日》中 说： “ 日中有三足乌。 ” WANG Chong (27~97AD) in his book Lun Heng: on the Sun: “There is a raven with three feet in the Sun.”

3. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 General Information Scientific Objectives –I–Imaging aurora activities 24hrs per day RAVENS Concept With the highest priority –P–Providing in-situ space environment measurements : magnetosphere-thermosphere-ionosphere –M–Monitoring the satellite inside radiation environment in conjunction with outside one KuaFu B1+B2 Polar orbit: 1.1x8.2Re

4. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Payload FUV Aurora Camera(s) [Eric] Aurora Imaging Spectrograph [Eric] Flux Gate Magnetometer High Energy Charged Particle Experiment Energetic Energy Particle Detector (TBD) Neutral Atom Imager Plasma Wave Observation (TBD) Radio Beacon

5. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Summary InstrumentMass (kg)Power (W) Data Rate (bps) Dimension (cm^3) FUV Camera2x(?)2.82x(?)2 <1M 2x(?)40x20x20 AIS20.24.480x50x30 FGM3<4.253k6.7x6.7x4.2 HECPE3450016x14x22 EEPD5.64.55k35x20x21 NAI445k36x15x15 Radio BeaconTBD1 PWOTBD Total~40<30~1M

6. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 FGM (Graz) Scientific Objectives –Providing accurate, high time-resolution measurements of the magnetic field vector in the magnetosphere –Understanding the basic processes that occur in the magnetosphere –Investigating complex and dynamic magnetospheric processes in different regions and boundaries (In conjunction with other plasma observations)

7. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Instrument description The magnetometer consists of two triaxial fluxgate sensors with associated sensor electronics, digital processing unit and DC/DC converter. one of the magnetometer sensors (the outboard, or OB sensor) is located at the end of one of the two radial booms of the spacecraft, the other (the inboard, or IB sensor) is located inboard from the end of the boom.

8. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Example1: Polar SensorsMass-Inboard 686 g Mass-Outboard 620 g Dimensions 9.5 cm diameter, 15.5 cm length Power 0.05 W (sensors) ElectronicsMass 3.86 g Volume 18.3 X 24.1 X 15.2 cm3 Power-normal 4.3 W RangeInboard Magnetometer 46700 or 5860 nT (plus and minus) Outboard Magnetometer 5525 or 694 nT (plus and minus)

9. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Example 2: Cluster & DSP Two sensors+DPU 290g(sensor)+48g (thermal cover) Electronic box 2.06kg Normal power 2.46W

10. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Example 3: Venus Express RangeTBD Resolution10 pT Data rate128 Hz (TBD) PowerMax 4.25 W Electronic box1kg sensors2x75g Dimension of box155x142x99mm ^3 Dimension of sensor 67x67x42mm^3 Cluster FGM 67 Hz data studied the turbulence. Equator-S 150 Hz FGM data studies the 'lion roar' waves.

11. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Requirements to the Satellite Magnetic Cleanliness A comprehensive magnetic cleanliness program was implemented, to ensure that any disturbance caused by the spacecraft is minimized –The sensors are mounted on a 5 m boom, which locates them at about 4.6 m and 6.1 m from the centre-line of the spacecraft, or at 3.1 m and 4.6 m from the surface of the spacecraft, respectively (Cluster) –The maximum allowable DC magnetic field at the location of the outboard magnetometer sensor is 0.25 nT; the field should not vary by more than 0.1 nT in 100 s. Strict magnetic cleanliness requirements were enforced, with all elements of the spacecraft allocated a maximum magnetic budget. Potential problem –Radiation belt (lessons from DSP)

12. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 HECPE (PKU) Scientific Objectives –Detecting the charged particles with energy high enough to penetrate the satellite surface and affect the inside facilities –Monitoring the particle environment around the satellite –Investigating the variations of the radiation belt

13. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Instrument Description 3 channels for electron: –E>0.5 MeV –E>1.0 MeV –E>2.0 MeV 4 channels for proton: –5 ~ 10MeV –10 ~ 20 MeV –20~40 MeV –20~80 MeV Radiation Belt

14. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Preliminary Design CSP: Charge-Sensitive Pre- amplifier; MA: Main Amplifier; DCC: Discrimination and Compounding Circuit; CA: Counter Array; DPU: Data Process Unit; IF: Interface; ODBH: On-Board Data Handling.

15. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Key Parameters Power: 4.0W Mass: 3.0Kg Dimension: 160x140x220mm^3 Field of View: 60degree Data rate: 500bps Sample rate: ~5s Spin platform Example: CBERS-1

16. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 EEPD (TBD, PKU?) Scientific Objectives –Analyzing the suprathermal plasma distribution in wide energy range –Providing important clues on the nature of the energization process –Tracing out plasma structures over distances as large as an Earth radius –Determining the field topology of the tail-like field configurations

17. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 Preliminary Design 20–400 keV for electrons 40 keV–1500 keV for hydrogen 10 keV/nucl–1500 keV (4000 keV) for heavier ions

18. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 An example RAPID onboard Cluster The head –Flightpaths (mean) 34 mm –Field-of-view (total) 6°× 60° –Polar angles 4 × 15° –E-Detector (ED):Area/Thickness 5 × 15 mm2/300 µ –B-Detector (BD):Area/Thickness 5 × 15 mm2/300 µ –START foil: Al/Lexan/Al 63 nm/ 83 nm /63 nm –Deflection voltage 0 - 10 kV

19. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 NAI (DSP?) Scientific Objectives –Magnetospheric Structure and Ring Current Dynamics Global context for in situ observations of magnetospheric processes and the response of the magnetosphere to solar wind drivers Ring current growth, decay, and azimuthal asymmetries –Substorms and Tail Dynamics Substorm-related energetic particle injection and acceleration Plasma sheet thinning/expansion and Substorm onset timing and location

20. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划

21. 夸父计划 Examples Instrument Mass (kg) Power (W) Data Rate (kbps) Dimension (cm^3) FOV (deg) Heritage LENA4.32.01.036 x 15 x 158x90Polar MENA3.33.01.036 x 15 x 156x90Polar HENA4.54.02.530 x 10 x 3030x90AMPTE NAI3.134.04.928.7x14.2x11.1DSP

22. KuaFu Meeting Dec. 9, 2004 Frankfurt/Main 夸父计划 谢谢 Thanks Dank Merci