1. Types of Matter
The Matter Flow Chart

2. Matter Flow Chart

3. Matter Flow Chart

4. Matter Flow Chart

5. Matter Flow Chart

6. The Elements
Matter composed of only one kind of atom, where all atoms of the same kind have the same properties.

7. The Elements 90 different types exist naturally on Earth
Almost all known matter is composed of them
Common examples: H He O2 Na Cl Fe Au
sodium
chlorine

8. The Elements
An elemental substance can not be broken down by chemical processes
An elemental substance can not be converted into a different element by chemical processes
“allotropes” of pure carbon
graphite diamond charcoal

9. Matter Flow Chart

10. Compounds
Two or more different types of elements - chemically bonded together - in fixed proportions.

11. Compounds Common Examples: H2O CO2 CO CH4 NaCl C8H18 octane C12H22O11
sugar
C8H10N4O2
caffeine

12. Compounds What determines the compound: • The elements involved
• The ratio of the elements
H2O vs H2O2
CO2 vs CO
N2O vs NO2
CO vs Co

13. Compounds To form a compound (from its elements) or -
to separated a compound (into its elements)
a chemical reaction is needed!

14. Matter Flow Chart

15. Homogeneous Mixtures
A mixture that is uniform in its properties through out any given sample.
It is completely mixed!
“Solutions”

16. Homogeneous Mixtures Examples: Solids Alloys - metallic mixtures
Brass (Cu and Zn)
Bronze (Cu and Sn)
Steel (Fe, C, etc.)
Pewter (97% Sn, Cu, Bi)
(Used to be Pb and Sn)

17. Homogeneous Mixtures Examples: Liquids salt water tea sugar water pop
apple juice
The liquid must be “clearly transparent”

18. Homogeneous Mixtures Examples: Gases Air (N2 and O2, and others)
“Trimix” (N2, He and O2 for deep scuba)
Any combination of gases will mix thoroughly

19. Homogeneous Mixtures Separated by physical processes:
Examples: Evaporation

20. Homogeneous Mixtures Separated by physical processes:
Examples: Reverse Osmosis

21. Homogeneous Mixtures Separated by physical processes:
Examples: Distillation

22. Matter Flow Chart

23. Heterogeneous Mixtures
A mixture that consists of physically distinct parts, each with different properties.
Not mixed very well!
“Chunky”

24. Heterogeneous Mixtures
Examples:
Granite
Rocky Road Ice Cream
Soil
Lasagna
Oatmeal

25. Heterogeneous Mixtures
Also separated by physical processes:
Examples:
Filtration
Floatation
Also, any method that works on homogeneous mixtures, would also work on heterogeneous mixtures

26. Matter Flow Chart

27. POP QUIZ Element Compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous Sand from a beach
Water
Aluminum
Bronze
Iron
Steel
7) Nitrogen
The gases in air
Gasoline
Oxygen
Pop
(without bubbles)