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Elements and Atoms
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Elements and Atoms What is Matter?
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Elements and Atoms What is Matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
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Elements and Atoms What is Matter Made of?
All matter is composed of elements
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Elements and Atoms What are Elements? The building blocks of matter
They are substances which cannot be broken down into other substances
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Elements and Atoms What are Elements?
All matter is composed of one element or a combination of two or more elements
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Elements and Atoms Elements can exist in combination with other elements as Mixtures Compounds
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Elements and Atoms What is a compound?
A Compound is a pure substance make of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio Salt – 39.3% sodium and 60.7% chloride
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Elements and Atoms What is a compound?
A Compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio Water – H2O
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Elements and Atoms What is a Mixture?
Two or more substances – elements, compounds, or both – that are in the same place but are not chemically combined Sand, mixed nuts, air
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Elements and Atoms If elements are the simplest forms of matter what is the smallest piece of an element? Atoms
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Elements and Atoms What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element Atoms can join together to form molecules
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Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Atoms are composed of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus
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Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Protons carry a positive electrical charge Electrons carry a negative electrical charge Neutrons carry no electrical charge at all
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Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Protons and neutrons cluster together in the nucleus The electrons orbit the nucleus
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Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
A particular atom will have the same number of protons and electrons
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Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models
Atomic Theory is a Scientific Theory What is a Scientific Theory? A well tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations
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Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models
Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed as scientists learned more about the nature and characteristics of the atom.
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Elements and Atoms Dalton’s Model
Dalton thought that atoms were like smooth hard balls that could not be broken into smaller pieces
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Elements and Atoms Thompson’s Model
Thompson suggested that atoms had negatively charged electrons embedded in a positive sphere
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Elements and Atoms Rutherford’s Model
According to Rutherford’s model, an atom was mostly empty space. Electrons moved around a small, positively charged nucleus in the center of the atom
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Elements and Atoms Bohr Model
Neils Bohr suggested that electrons move in specific orbits around the nucleus of an atom
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Elements and Atoms Cloud Model
According to the cloud model, electrons move rapidly in every direction around the nucleus
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Elements and Atoms Modern Atomic Model
The nucleus, which contains both protons and neutrons, is surrounded by a cloudlike region of electrons
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