1. LecturePLUS Timberlake 991 Chapter 6 Energy and States of Matter Measuring Heat Energy Energy and Nutrition

2. LecturePLUS Timberlake 992 Heat Energy that flows from something warm to something cooler A hotter substance gives KE to a cooler one When heat is transferred (lost or gained), there is a change in the energy within the substance

3. LecturePLUS Timberlake 993 Learning Check H1 A. When you touch ice, heat is transferred from 1) your hand to the ice 2) the ice to your hand B. When you drink a hot cup of coffee, heat is transferred from 1) your mouth to the coffee 2) the coffee to your mouth

4. LecturePLUS Timberlake 994 Solution H1 A. When you touch ice, heat is transferred from 1) your hand to the ice B. When you drink a hot cup of coffee, heat is transferred from 2) the coffee to your mouth

5. LecturePLUS Timberlake 995 Learning Check H2 When you heat 200 g of water for 1 minute, the water temperature rises from 10°C to 18°C. If you heat 400 g of water at 10°C in the same pan with the same amount of heat for 1 minute, what would you expect the final temperature to be? 1) 10 °C2) 14°C 3) 18°C 200 g 400 g

6. LecturePLUS Timberlake 996 Solution H2 2)14°C Heating twice the mass of water using the same amount of heat will raise the temperature only half as much. 200 g 400 g

7. LecturePLUS Timberlake 997 Some Equalities for Heat Heat is measured in calories or joules 1 kcal = 1000 cal 1 calorie = 4.184 J 1 kJ = 1000 J

8. LecturePLUS Timberlake 998 Specific Heat Why do some foods stay hot longer than others? Why is the beach sand hot, but the water is cool on the same hot day?

9. LecturePLUS Timberlake 999 Specific Heat Different substances have different capacities for storing energy It may take 20 minutes to heat water to 75°C. However, the same mass of aluminum might require 5 minutes and the same amount of copper may take only 2 minutes to reach the same temperature.

10. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9910 Specific Heat Values Specific heat is the a mount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C cal/g°CJ/g°C water 1.00 4.184 aluminum0.217 0.908 copper0.091 0.382 silver0.057 0.24 gold0.031 0.13

11. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9911 Learning Check H3 A. A substance with a large specific heat 1) heats up quickly2) heats up slowly B. When ocean water cools, the surrounding air 1) cools 2) warms3) stays the same C. Sand in the desert is hot in the day, and cool at night. Sand must have a 1) high specific heat 2) low specific heat

12. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9912 Solution H3 A. A substance with a large specific heat 2) heats up slowly B. When ocean water cools, the surrounding air 2) warms C. Sand in the desert is hot in the day, and cool at night. Sand must have a 2) low specific heat

13. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9913 Measuring Heat Requires Grams of substance Temperature change  T Specific heat of the substance

14. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9914 Calculating Heat mass x temp. change x specific heat grams x  T x Sp. Ht.

15. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9915 Heat Calculations A hot-water bottle contains 750 g of water at 65°C. If the water cools to body temperature (37°C), how many calories of heat could be transferred to sore muscles? heat = g x  T x Sp. Ht. (H 2 O) 750 g x 28°C x 1.00 cal g°C = 21 000

16. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9916 Learning Check H4 How many kcal are needed to raise the temperature of 120 g of water from 15°C to 75°C? 1) 1.8 kcal 2) 7.2 kcal 3) 9.0 kcal

17. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9917 Solution H4 How many kcal are needed to raise the temperature of 120 g of water from 15°C to 75°C? 2) 7.2 kcal 120 g x (75°C - 15°C) x 1.00 cal g°C

18. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9918 Energy and Nutrition 1 Calorie (nutritional) = 1 kcal 1 Cal= 1000 cal

19. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9919 Caloric Food Values Carbohydrate = 4 kcal/g Fat = 9 kcal/g Protein = 4 kcal/g

20. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9920 Foods and Calories FoodCarboFatProtein Energy(kcal carrots, 1 cup 11 0 1 50 banana 26 0 1 110 egg 0 6 6 80 chicken (no skin) 0 3 20 110 beef (3 oz) 0 5 22 130

21. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9921 Learning Check H5 1.0 cup of whole milk contains 12 g of carbohydrate, 9.0 g of fat, and 9.0 g of protein. How many kcal (Cal) are obtained? 1) 48 kcal 2) 81 kcal 3) 165 kcal

22. LecturePLUS Timberlake 9922 Solution H5 3) 165 kcal 12 g carbo x 4 kcal/g = 48 kcal 9.0 g fat x 9 kcal/g =81 kcal 9.0 g protein x 4 kcal/g=36 kcal Total kcal= 165 kcal