1. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 22 The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Agnes Yard and Michael Yard Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

2. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings If serious hemorrhaging occurs, the vasomotor center of the ________ stimulates sympathetic nerves innervating smooth muscle cells in the walls of ________. a. medulla oblongata, muscular arteries b. pons, medium-sized veins c. medulla oblongata, medium-sized veins d. pons, elastic arteries

3. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings How many umbilical arteries leave the internal iliac arteries of the fetus, enter the umbilical cord, and deliver blood to the placenta? a. four b.two c. zero d. three

4. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings How many pulmonary veins typically exist in the living human? a. two b.four c. six d. eight

5. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not an example(s) of muscular arteries? a. common carotid artery b. femoral artery c. external carotid artery d. a and c

6. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Two umbilical arteries leave the ________, enter the umbilical cord, and deliver blood to the placenta. a.internal iliac arteries b.external iliac arteries c.femoral artery d.abdominal aorta

7. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings When overheating occurs, the blood supply to the skin ________, and the ________ veins dilate. a.increases, deep b.increases, superficial c.decreases, deep d.decreases, superficial

8. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which blood vessel layer forms a connective tissue sheath around the vessel, and is composed of collagen with scattered elastic fibers? a. media b.intima c. adventitia d.submucosa

9. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which vessels arise from the subclavian arteries, and ascend within the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae? a. vertebral arteries b.basilar arteries c.posterior cerebral arteries d.posterior communicating arteries

10. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Direct connections between arterioles and venules are known as: a.thoroughfare channels b.metarterioles c.arteriovenous anastomoses d.collateral arteries

11. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is not considered to be an arterial trunk? a.pulmonary trunk b.celiac trunk c.thyrocervical trunk d.mesenteric trunk

12. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Regarding total blood volume, what percentage of the blood volume is normally present within the systemic venous system? a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 64%

13. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which vessel supplies the stomach and inferior portion of the esophagus? a.right gastric artery b.superior mesenteric artery c.left gastric artery d.inferior mesenteric artery

14. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not a way(s) to distinguish arteries from veins in histological sections? a.When not opposed by blood pressure, venous walls contract. b.The endothelial lining of an artery cannot contract, so when an artery constricts, the endothelium is thrown into folds. c.Cut veins tend to collapse, and in section they thus look flattened or grossly distorted. d. b and d

15. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following defines the “foramen ovale?” a. a vessel that shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk into the aortic arch in the fetus b.an opening in the interatrial septum that permits some blood to flow directly into the left atrium c.an opening in the interventricular septum that permits some blood to flow directly into the left ventricle d.an opening in the interatrial septum that permits some blood to flow directly into the right atrium

16. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The brachial artery, which supplies blood to the upper limb, is a distal branch of which vessel? a. axillary artery b.internal thoracic artery c.thyrocervical trunk d.vertebral artery

17. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The term for an arteriolar segment of a capillary bed, which contains smooth muscle cells capable of altering its diameter is: a. metarteriole b.arteriole c. thoroughfare channel d.capillary plexus

18. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The shunt that permits most blood to bypass the fetal liver and enter the inferior vena cava is known as: a.the ductus arteriosus b.the foramen ovale c.the ductus venosus d.the fossa ovalis

19. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The pulmonary circuit contains about how much of the total blood volume? a.1% b.9% c.25% d.50%

20. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following contains the most smooth muscle and elastic fibers? a. media of veins b.intima of arteries c.media of arteries d.adventitia of arteries

21. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The thoracic aorta begins at the level of vertebra ________ and penetrates the diaphragm at the level of vertebra ________. a. T 5, L 3 b.T 3, T 12 c. T 5, T 12 d. C 7, T 12

22. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings If serious hemorrhaging occurs, the vasomotor center of the ________ stimulates sympathetic nerves innervating smooth muscle cells in the walls of ________, resulting in vasoconstriction. a.hypothalamus, medium-sized veins b.medulla oblongata, large veins c.medulla oblongata, medium-sized veins d.hypothalamus, large veins

23. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following vessels is/are not a branch(es) of the brachiocephalic trunk? a.right subclavian artery b.left common carotid artery c.right common carotid artery d.a and c

24. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The arteriolar segment of a passageway in a capillary bed, which contains smooth muscle cells capable of altering its diameter is known as a/an: a.thoroughfare channel b.arteriole c.precapillary sphincter d.metarteriole

25. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which veins do not drain into either the superior vena cava (SVC) or the inferior vena cava (IVC)? a. hepatic veins b. cardiac veins c. splenic and gastric veins d. No exception; all veins drain into either the SVC or IVC

26. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings In general, veins are classified on the basis of their ________, and veins are usually ________ in diameter than their corresponding arteries. a. length, smaller b.size, larger c. length, larger d.size, smaller