1. Reiner Schlitzer Document prepared by: GEOTRACES IPO

2. 1. GEOTRACES International Programme Co-chairs: Reiner Schlitzer (AWI, Germany) Ed Boyle (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) GEOTRACES is an international programme which aims to improve the understanding of biogeochemical cycles and large-scale distribution of trace elements and their isotopes in the marine environment Scientists from approximately 35 nations have been involved in the programme, which is designed to study all major ocean basins over the next decade GEOTRACES Science Plan (2006) 2

3. 2. Status of GEOTRACES Section Cruises In red: Planned Sections In yellow: Completed Sections (Dotted yellow: Completed Sections since 2013 SCOR Report) In black: Sections completed as GEOTRACES contribution to the IPY 51 cruises (23 GEOTRACES Section cruises) completed 3

4. 3. GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 Launched on February 2014! Ocean Sciences Meeting 2014 (Honolulu, Hawaii) More than 350 persons attended Town Hall meeting Nature and Science Journals featured the release 4

5. … GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 release a data product early in the programme strengthen the collaboration within the project by sharing data attract scientists from other communities (physical and biological oceanography, modelling) o Aims: o It includes hydrographic and marine geochemical data acquired during the first 3 years of the programme 5

6. … GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 Digital Data Package (available at www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data/idp2014/) eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas (available at www.egeotraces.org) o Two parts: 6

7. … GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014: Digital data Classical hydrographic parameters T, S, O 2, PO 4, NO 3, Silicate, CFC, SF 6, Tritium, He 3, etc. Dissolved and particulate trace elements Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hf, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, U, REEs Stable isotopes 2 H, 13 C, 15 N, 18 O, 30 Si, 56 Fe, 110 Cd, 114 Cd, 143 Nd, etc. Radioactive isotopes 210 Pb, 210 Po, 230 Th, 231 Pa, 232 Th, 234 Th, etc. Includes 205 parameters 7

8. … GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014: Digital data 15 cruises 797 stations 27,387 samples Geographical coverage 8

9. http://www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data/idp2014 Access: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data/idp2014 http://www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data/idp2014 … GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014: Digital data 9

10. Live demonstration…. …GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014: eGEOTRACES 10

11. 4. SCOR Booth at Ocean Sciences Meeting 2014 GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 was also presented THANKS to SCOR for the opportunity to participate in the Booth! 11

12. 5. GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples A large dissolved iron- and manganese-rich plume has been detected over the slow- spreading southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge It calls into question the assumption that deep-sea hydrothermal vents along slow- spreading ridges were negligible contributors to the oceanic iron inventory Slow-spreading ridges could be major oceanic iron contributor Saito, Mak A., Abigail E. Noble, Alessandro Tagliabue, Tyler J. Goepfert, Carl H. Lamborg, William J. Jenkins (2013) Slow-spreading submarine ridges in the South Atlantic as a significant oceanic iron source Nature Geoscience 6 (9), 775-770 DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1893 12

13. … GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples Field data allow constraining total mercury budget Lamborg, C. H., Hammerschmidt, C. R., Bowman, K. L., Swarr, G. J., Munson, K. M., Ohnemus, D. C., Lam P.J., Heimbürger L-E., Rijkenberg M., Saito, M. A. (2014). A global ocean inventory of anthropogenic mercury based on water column measurements. Nature, 512(7512), 65–68. doi:10.1038/nature13563 Estimates of the total amount and spatial distribution of anthropogenic mercury in the global ocean were substantially improved Global budgets of total mercury suggest that there has been a tripling of the surface water mercury content and a ~150% increase in the amount of mercury in thermocline waters 13

14. Dissolved iron sources in the North Atlantic Ocean quantified Using a novel method based on the stable isotopic composition of dissolved Fe, the relative importance of four different dissolved iron (Fe) sources in the North Atlantic Ocean have been precisely determined for the first time Results (contribution of dissolved iron): Saharan dust: 71-87 % North American margin sediments: 10-19 % African margins contributes: 1-4 % Hydrothermal venting Mid-Atlantic Ridge: 2-6 % Tim M. Conway, Seth G. John (2014) Quantification of dissolved iron sources to the North Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 511(7508), 212–215. doi:10.1038/nature13482. 14 … GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples

15. Copper and zinc oceanic mass balance revisited … GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples …with the original approach that takes into account the hitherto ignored constraint of their isotopes Little, S. H., Vance, D., Walker-Brown, C., & Landing, W. M. (2014). The oceanic mass balance of copper and zinc isotopes, investigated by analysis of their inputs, and outputs to ferromanganese oxide sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 125, 673–693. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.046 Copper (Cu) oceanic mass balance appears to be roughly in balance, but the zinc (Zn) one is far from being constrained... isotopes reveal that either an "isotopically light sink" or "isotopically heavy source" is missing 15

16. Designed for use on only a single litre of seawater representing a 1–20 fold reduction in sample size and a 4–130 decrease in blank … GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples First simultaneously method for the determination of iron, zinc and cadmium isotopes in small volumes of seawater Tim M. Conway, Angela D. Rosenberg, Jess F. Adkins, Seth G. John (2013), A new method for precise determination of iron, zinc and cadmium stable isotope ratios in seawater by double- spike mass spectrometry, Analytica Chimica Acta, Volume 793, Pages 44-52, DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.07.025 The procedure yields data with high precision, allowing estimation of natural variability in the oceans, which spans 1–3‰ for all three isotope systems 16

17. GEOTRACES Subcommittees Data Management GEOTRACES Data Assembly Center Data Manager: Ed Mawji (BODC, UK) Data Management Committee Co-chairs: Andy Bowie (Australia) and Alessandro Tagliabue (UK) - Huge Data Management undertaking 1014 Data sets / 51 cruises Standards and Intercalibration Committee Chair: Greg Cutter (USA) - Accurate review of data points - GEOTRACES Sampling Protocols revised 6. GEOTRACES Subcommittees 17

18. 7. GEOTRACES Meetings and Workshops February 2014 October 2014 Canadian Arctic cruises planning meeting (Sidney, Canada) GEOTRACES Data Management Committee + SSC Meeting (Stellenbosch, South Africa) French GA01 pre-cruise Meeting (Plouzané, France) Joint GEOTRACES S&I and Data Management Committees + SSC Meeting (Bremerhaven, Germany) October 2013 IDP 2014 Workshop (Toulouse, France) UK GEOTRACES GA06 cruise Data Synthesis Meeting II (Oxford, UK) January 2014 June 2014 The Seasonal Dynamics of Iron supply, biological consumption and cycling in the Southern Ocean Workshop (Cape Town, South Africa) November 2014 May 2014 18

19. 475 GEOTRACES-related peer-reviewed papers (240 new!) included in the GEOTRACES Database available on the GEOTRACES site: http://www.geotraces.org/library/scientific-publications/peer-reviewed- papers 8. GEOTRACES Publications http://www.geotraces.org/library/scientific-publications/phd- dissertations 25 PhD GEOTRACES-related Dissertations included in the GEOTRACES Database available on the GEOTRACES site: 19

20. Special issue of Limnology and Oceanography: Methods entitled, “Intercalibration in Chemical Oceanography” devoted to GEOTRACES Intercalibration completed: http://www.aslo.org/lomethods/si/intercal2012.htmlhttp://www.aslo.org/lomethods/si/intercal2012.html Forthcoming: 2011 GEOTRACES Data Model Synergy Workshop (Barcelona, 14-17 November 2011) in Progress in Oceanography US GEOTRACES North Atlantic cruise Special Volume in Deep Sea Research II GEOTRACES KEOPS-2 project Special Issue in Biogeosciences Biogeochemistry of trace elements and their isotopes in Marine Chemistry Published: … GEOTRACES Publications: GEOTRACES Special Issues 20

21. Thank you very much! www.geotraces.org International Coordination: GEOTRACES International Project Office (LEGOS-OMP, Toulouse, France) Catherine Jeandel (Scientific Director) Elena Masferrer Dodas (Executive Officer) 21