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FLUKA: Present and Future A.Fassò, A.Ferrari (on leave from INFN ), S.Roesler CERN J. Ranft Leipzig P.R.Sala (on leave from INFN) ETHZ ETHZ F.Ballarini,

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Presentation on theme: "FLUKA: Present and Future A.Fassò, A.Ferrari (on leave from INFN ), S.Roesler CERN J. Ranft Leipzig P.R.Sala (on leave from INFN) ETHZ ETHZ F.Ballarini,"— Presentation transcript:

1 FLUKA: Present and Future A.Fassò, A.Ferrari (on leave from INFN ), S.Roesler CERN J. Ranft Leipzig P.R.Sala (on leave from INFN) ETHZ ETHZ F.Ballarini, G.Battistoni, M. Campanella, M.Carboni, F.Cerutti, L.DeBiaggi, E.Gadioli, M.V.Garzelli, A.Ottolenghi, M.Pelliccioni, T.Rancati, D.Scannicchio, S.Villari INFN-Milan & Frascati, University of Milan and University of Pavia V.Anderson, A.Empl, K.Lee, L.Pinsky University of Houston T.N. Wilson, N. Zapp NASA/JSC

2 Outline What is FLUKA A short history of FLUKA The features of FLUKA The fields of application of FLUKA The FLUKA project The FLUKA server Examples: High Energy Physics Cosmic Rays RadiobiologyDosimetryConclusions

3 What is FLUKA Complete Monte Carlo code (stand-alone) for transport and interaction of particles and nuclei h-h and h-A Interactions 0-10000 TeV A-A Interactions up to 0-10000 TeV/A e.m. and muon interactions 0-10000 TeV Photo-nuclear interactions Neutron interaction and transport down to thermal energies (multi-group for E< 20 MeV) Residual nuclei calculations Neutrino interactions Optical photon generation and transport Combinatorial geometry Voxel geometry Interface to GEANT4 geometry Analog and biased (Variance reduction) calculations

4 A Short History of FLUKA 1962: J.Ranft (Leipzig) and H.Geibel (CERN) initiate the code for hadron beams 1970: takes the name FLUKA (FLUktuierende KAskade) for event-to-event fluctuations in calorimetry 1970-1987: development in collaboration Leipzig-Helsinki-CERN (Stevenson, Fassò): in this version practically only for shielding purposes. Since 1990: FLUKA is taken in charge by INFN-Milano, with the personal collaboration of A. Fassò (CERN) and J. Ranft to build an all-purpose, general code, with new physics models. In a short period of time the code is changed, and nothing today is left of the 1987 version. FLUKA becomes an INFN product. 1990: MCNPX starts to officially use FLUKA for the high energy part: it was never updated 1993: GEANT3-FLUKA interface (hadronic part only). It has not followed the FLUKA development and is now obsolete 2002: An official INFN project for the development and application of FLUKA starts 2003: A joint INFN-CERN project to develop, maintain and distribute FLUKA has been initiated

5 The Features of FLUKA Very accurate mathematical and physical algorithms Successful “ m icroscopic” approach to hadronic interactions (a review of physics models of FLUKA is given by A. Fassò in this session) Core physics coding in FORTRAN, ~ 400,000 lines of code. Internal management of memory Built-in mathematical library Today maintained for various platforms with Unix- interface: Linux, Compaq-Unix, HP-Ux, Sun-Solaris Already used in mixed-language applications (example the FLUGG package to run FLUKA with GEANT4 geometry)

6 Fields of Application Energy Physics (exp. + engineering) Cosmic Rays, Aircraft and Space applications Radiation protection and Shielding Dosimetry Medical Physics ADS and Nuclear waste transmutation Why FLUKA is Requested Very high Accuracy level Successful benchmark to a wide set of experimental data

7 Fields of Application: Examples   Energy production, waste transmutation: “EnergyAmplifier” (C.Rubbia) ¥ ¥Spallation neutrons: TARC / nTOF @CERN ¥ ¥LHC: beam-machine interaction and radioprotection ¥ ¥LHC/ATLAS/CMS: radiation background in detectors ¥ ¥LHC/ATLAS: calorimetry simulation ¥ ¥Neutrino beams from accelerators: WANF e CNGS (officially based on FLUKA) ¥ ¥Cosmic Rays: calculation of secondary particles in atmosphere (neutrinos) ¥ ¥ICARUS: general detector and physics simulation ¥ ¥OPERA (through FLUGG, see later) ¥ ¥LHC/ALICE: general detector simulation ¥ ¥Dose calculations in civil aviation ¥ ¥Dose calculations in space missions ¥ ¥Medical physics: hadrotherapy

8 Goals of the present FLUKA Project 1) Physics models High energy A-A collisions (> 5 GeV/amu) A-A Collisions E < 5 GeV/amu 2) Technological development Web server User advanced (graphical) tools. Web Assistance (Documentation, FAQs) CVS Management of the source code New interfaces for user routines 3) Technical Improvements Elimination of e.m. preprocessor Higher abstraction levels, in particular for geometry 4) Application of the code to basic and applied research projects Cosmic Rays application modules Radiobiology application modules and coupling FLUKA with “phantoms”

9 The FLUKA Server http://www.fluka.org Served by INFN through the italian scientific research network (GARR)

10 High Energy Physics Applications ATLAS: radiation background and Calorimetry Benchmark for ATLAS background: E.Gschwendtner, C.W.Fabjan, N.Hessey, T.Otto, and H.Vincke, Measuring the photon background in the LHC experimental experiment, Nucl. Instr. Meth. A476, 222 (2002) (benchmarked up to 14 attenuation lengths) Photon background Neutron background

11 NIM A387, 333 (1997) NIM A449, 461 (2000) NIM A387, 333 (1997) NIM A449, 461 (2000)

12 A Complex Geometry

13 A Simulation of the ATIC Cosmic Ray Balloon Experiment with a Version of FLUKA Including the DPMJET 2.5 Event Generator Predicted n fluences from a central C beam incident on the ATIC cosmic ray balloon expt. apparatus 100 GeV/A Incident Carbon 1 TeV/A Incident Carbon BGO CTargets Si Detectors IncidentBeam

14 High Energy Physics Applications: FLUGG The C++ interface between FLUKA and the GEANT4 Geometry available from the www server (with documentation and examples) (with documentation and examples) Allows to use FLUKA using an input geometry in G4 format As desired by LHC experiments (see ATLAS- PHYS-2002-01)

15 Results from FLUGGTest-36em-hadroniccalorimeter P roton energy deposition in magnetic field, dummy geometry

16 The Cern to Gran Sasso ? beam FLUKA simulation includes all details of beam transport, interaction, structure of target, horn focusing, decay, etc. Neutrino event spectra at Gran Sasso

17 (NASA grants NAG8-1658 and 01-OBPR-05)

18 “ GOLEM ” : 3D phantom adult male voxel phantom segmented from whole-body CT data of a leukaemia patient 176 cm height, 68.9 kg weight 122 organs/tissues (8 densities, 122 organs/tissues (8 densities, compositions from ICRU no. 44) 2.2 million voxels, 2.2 million voxels, each of 2x2x8 mm 3 Voxels are created/destroyed at run-time (Zankl and Wittmann 2001, GSF) Development of a new geometry: The voxel description

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22 Cosmic Ray applications Atmospheric neutrino fluxes (within ICARUS and MACRO collaborations) One of the first attempts in the field aiming at a significative reduction of the systematic error due to hadronic interaction models HKKM FLUKA DPMJET-III Sub-GeV n m Multi-GeV n m Comparison with Exp. Data from Super-K

23 Cosmic Ray Applications Other benchmarks available, e.g. hadrons (charged and neutral) Muon Flux in Atmosphere (simulation of CAPRICE ballon exp.)

24 Cosmic Ray Applications

25 Collaboration started with Karlsruhe: FLUKA (only hadronic section, E>50 MeV) as an option of CORSIKA (widely used by high energy cosmic ray exp.) to replace GHEISHA for E had ? 80 GeV To be announced at ICRC2003 (Jul/Aug 2003) No. of muons vs. No. of electrons/positrons at the earth’s surface from Extensive Air Showers D.Heck and R.Engel

26 Dosimetry Applications Above Narita Airport (Tokyo) Ambient dose equivalent from neutrons at solar maximum on commercial flights from Seattle to Hamburg and from Frankfurt to Johannesburg Solid line: FLUKA simulation

27 Business Class Economic Class Toilet or Galley Wing fuel tank AIRBUS 340 Center fuel tank Cockpit Hold Dosimetry Applications: going into details.

28 Conclusions It’s only the beginning...


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