1. Handling Collection HC4: Economics Matter Circular Economy Objective This sesison looks at some of the economic justifications of the circular economy model. Circular products are all nice and well, but why would anyone make them if there was no economic gain? Lesson Objectives Understand the economic advantages of a circular economy model compared to the linear economy Develop a deeper understanding of how business models need to change for a circular economy Look at case studies of companies doing something circular

2. The linear economy This is the model of production we have adopted for at least 200 years. List the problems associated with running this model. Break them into social, economic and environmental problems.

3. Linear economy depends on efficiency To operate successfully, the linear economy has four key requirements: Cheap energy Cheap materials Cheap labour Customers with access to spending power What happens if some or all of these factors are no longer available?

4. Commodity prices

5. Investigate prices In pairs, choose one commodity from the list on the right. Visit www.indexmundi.com/commodities where you will investigate the cost of your commidity over a twenty year period. www.indexmundi.com/commodities What has happened to the cost of your commodity? What does that mean for a company depending on using those materials? Choose one from: Copper Aluminium Silver Uranium Tin Gold Cotton Sunflower oil Sugar Beef

6. The circular economy Why might the circular economy offer a way out of high prices? What is the key difference between a circular economy and a linear economy?

7. Case study: washing machines Imagine we leased washing machines instead of owning them. What would be the economic advantages of the manufacturer of running this model? Think about materials, energy and transportation. Might the customer get a better deal with this model? Use Repair Remanufacture

8. You investigate 1.Visit http://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/case_studieshttp://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/case_studies 2.Find a case study you like the look of 3.Make sure your case study involves a company that makes a product 4.Answer the questions that follow

9. Case Studies (2) Answer the following questions 1. Which company did you research? 2. What is clever about the product they have created? 3. How do they get the product back from the customer? 4. What happens once they get the product back? 5. What does the company say about their product? You may need to visit the company’s website to find this out. 6. Use another piece of paper to sketch a diagram that demonstrates how this company or product works.