1. The New Testament History

2. An overview of the Gospels http://catholic- resources.org/Bible/Four_Gospel_Chart.htm - Christology http://catholic- resources.org/Bible/Four_Gospel_Chart.htm - Christology http://catholic- resources.org/Bible/Four_Gospel_Chart.htm - Christology http://catholic- resources.org/Bible/Four_Gospel_Chart.htm - Christology

3. The way to read the Gospels The complement each other The complement each other

4. The way to read the Gospels The complement each other The complement each other They are intended for different audiences They are intended for different audiences

5. The way to read the Gospels The complement each other The complement each other They are intended for different audiences They are intended for different audiences Seeming contradictions Seeming contradictions

6. The way to read the Gospels The complement each other The complement each other They are intended for different audiences They are intended for different audiences Seeming contradictions Seeming contradictions The historicity of the gospels The historicity of the gospels

7. Form Criticism Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition.

8. Form Criticism Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording

9. Form Criticism Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording Study of these forms sheds light on the life and thinking of the people who preserved the tradition. Study of these forms sheds light on the life and thinking of the people who preserved the tradition.

10. Form Criticism Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Studies the structure of historical documents that preserve an earlier tradition. Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording Basic assumption is that the earlier, oral use of the tradition shaped the material and resulting in a final recording Study of these forms sheds light on the life and thinking of the people who preserved the tradition. Study of these forms sheds light on the life and thinking of the people who preserved the tradition. Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible.

11. Form Criticism Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible.

12. Form Criticism Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. that the gospel writers did not aim to preserve the memory of what Jesus had preached and done that the gospel writers did not aim to preserve the memory of what Jesus had preached and done

13. Form Criticism Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: Faulty bible form criticism comes from the perspective that: much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. much is myth: particularly the miracles and supernatural events in the Bible. that the gospel writers did not aim to preserve the memory of what Jesus had preached and done that the gospel writers did not aim to preserve the memory of what Jesus had preached and done they obscured and embellished, even distorted the facts to meet the needs of an idealistic faith. they obscured and embellished, even distorted the facts to meet the needs of an idealistic faith.

14. Historical facts January 11, 49 B.C. January 11, 49 B.C. Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, leading to civil war. Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, leading to civil war. Historians do not doubt it. Historians do not doubt it. There is absolutely no first hand evidence of it. There is absolutely no first hand evidence of it. Original document is totally lost Original document is totally lost Julius Caesar never mentions it Julius Caesar never mentions it Alexander the Great first biography: 450 years after he lived Alexander the Great first biography: 450 years after he lived

15. The Gospels Skeptics may claim they are myth Skeptics may claim they are myth Few, if any honest historians will claim that Jesus is myth. Few, if any honest historians will claim that Jesus is myth. Christianity is based in the historical realities found in the gospels Christianity is based in the historical realities found in the gospels The fact that Jesus is the God and man is essential to Christianity. The fact that Jesus is the God and man is essential to Christianity.

16. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies

17. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ

18. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers

19. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection

20. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection Many internal references to historical events Many internal references to historical events

21. Historical nature of the New Testament Many ancient copies Many ancient copies Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ Oldest dates to within a few years of Christ More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers More than 1 million quotes in Early Church Fathers Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection Mark wrote around 70 Ad. within 25-30 years of Christ’s death and resurrection Many internal references to historical events Many internal references to historical events Accurate reflection of first century Jewish life Accurate reflection of first century Jewish life

22. Historical Nature of New Testament cont… Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate

23. Historical Nature of New Testament cont… Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion

24. Historical Nature of New Testament cont… Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion May differ in peripherals, but not in historical facts May differ in peripherals, but not in historical facts

25. Historical Nature of New Testament cont… Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Significant archeological support : coins, names, inscriptions, style of crucifixion, Caiaphas, Pontius Pilate Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion Distinct accounts: no attempt at collusion May differ in peripherals, but not in historical facts May differ in peripherals, but not in historical facts Ancient non-biblical references to Jesus and Christianity Ancient non-biblical references to Jesus and Christianity

26. Historical nature of the New Testament cont… The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting

27. Historical nature of the New Testament cont… The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Included difficult saying: not side stepping them

28. Historical nature of the New Testament cont… The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc. Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc.

29. Historical nature of the New Testament cont… The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc. Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc. Ready to totally abandon sacred century long beliefs, laws and prescriptions… overnight Ready to totally abandon sacred century long beliefs, laws and prescriptions… overnight

30. Historical nature of the New Testament cont… The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting The writers did not avoid embarrassing facts about themselves: dim witted, uncaring, selfish, cowardly, doubting Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Included difficult saying: not side stepping them Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc. Did not put words in His mouth: e.g. circumcision, speaking in tongues etc. Ready to totally abandon sacred century long beliefs, laws and prescriptions… overnight Ready to totally abandon sacred century long beliefs, laws and prescriptions… overnight All his first disciples were absolutely ready to die for what they believed. All his first disciples were absolutely ready to die for what they believed.

31. The Gospel of Mark The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God

32. The Gospel of Mark The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The earliest gospel written The earliest gospel written

33. The Gospel of Mark The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The earliest gospel written The earliest gospel written The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan

34. The Gospel of Mark The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The earliest gospel written The earliest gospel written The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan Reveal the inner life of God Reveal the inner life of God

35. The Gospel of Mark The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God The earliest gospel written The earliest gospel written The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan The gospel: Good news that Christ had come to rescue all nations from sin, selfishness, and Satan Reveal the inner life of God Reveal the inner life of God The Son of God: Main title used in Mark The Son of God: Main title used in Mark

36. The role of John the Baptist A lot more about John in Luke’s gospel A lot more about John in Luke’s gospel Who is John the Baptist? Who is John the Baptist? Cousin of Jesus. Elizabeth and Zachary Cousin of Jesus. Elizabeth and Zachary The one who will prepare the way: Is 40-3 The one who will prepare the way: Is 40-3 The one who will call out: prepare the way of the Lord The one who will call out: prepare the way of the Lord Baptizer: Repentance Baptizer: Repentance

37. Jesus is baptized by John Not the same as Christian baptism Not the same as Christian baptism The Spirit in form of dove The Spirit in form of dove The voice from heaven The voice from heaven Many more details in Luke’s gospel Many more details in Luke’s gospel Behold the Lamb of God … what did this say to the ones he spoke to? Behold the Lamb of God … what did this say to the ones he spoke to?

38. The Works and Words of Jesus give reasons for believing The works: Miracles The works: Miracles The words: teachings The words: teachings These give credibility to the claim of being Son of God. These give credibility to the claim of being Son of God.

39. Actions that demonstrate power and authority of Jesus? Miracle of man with unclean spirit Miracle of man with unclean spirit Healing of Simon’s Mother in Law Healing of Simon’s Mother in Law Casting out demons with simple command Casting out demons with simple command Healing of leprosy Healing of leprosy

40. What demonstrates the humility of Jesus “Say nothing to anyone”: “Say nothing to anyone”: Avoiding sensationalism Avoiding sensationalism

41. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles:

42. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles: Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine

43. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles: Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Healing sicknesses of all types Healing sicknesses of all types

44. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles: Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Healing sicknesses of all types Healing sicknesses of all types Casting out devils Casting out devils

45. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles: Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Healing sicknesses of all types Healing sicknesses of all types Casting out devils Casting out devils Raising from dead: Jairus’ daughter, Lazarus, Raising from dead: Jairus’ daughter, Lazarus,

46. Healing Miracles are signs… Of his absolute power over all creation. Of his absolute power over all creation. The Types of Miracles: The Types of Miracles: Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Over Nature: storms, loaves, fish, water to wine Healing sicknesses of all types Healing sicknesses of all types Casting out devils Casting out devils Raising from dead: Jairus’ daughter, Lazarus, Raising from dead: Jairus’ daughter, Lazarus, His own resurrection His own resurrection

47. The Miracles are also a sign of… His power in the spiritual realm His power in the spiritual realm

48. The Miracles are also a sign of… His power in the spiritual realm His power in the spiritual realm His power to forgive sins His power to forgive sins

49. The Miracles are also a sign of… His power in the spiritual realm His power in the spiritual realm His power to forgive sins His power to forgive sins The power he gives to people through the sacraments The power he gives to people through the sacraments

50. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism

51. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation

52. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation Eucharist Eucharist

53. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation Eucharist Eucharist Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation

54. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation Eucharist Eucharist Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Marriage Marriage

55. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation Eucharist Eucharist Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Marriage Marriage Holy Orders Holy Orders

56. The Sacraments: the power of Christ’s grace reaching to people of all times Baptism Baptism Confirmation Confirmation Eucharist Eucharist Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Forgiveness of sins: Reconciliation Marriage Marriage Holy Orders Holy Orders Anointing of the sick Anointing of the sick