1. Unit 11 People say ………… Scientists think……… Reporters see………… Experts believe…………… We allege………………. Mr. Hamada Sabra

2. People say he will travel abroad. It is said that he will travel abroad. He is said to travel abroad. People think the weather has changed. It is thought that the weather has changed The weather is thought to have changed.

3. Scientists believed the earth is round. It was believed that the earth is round The earth was believed to be round

4. Exercises unit 11 Grammar

5. 1- People think that Global warming has a bad effect on us. (thought) It is thought that global warming has a bad effect on us. 2 - Our house was said to have been broken into. (people) People said our house had been broken.

6. 3-It is expected that my son will pass the exam easily. ( My son ) ( to ) My son is expected to pass the exam easily. 4- It is known that the wheel was invented in the 4th millennium. (the wheel) The wheel is said to have been invented..

7. The thief was alleged to have killed two people. (that) or (it) It was alleged that the thief killed two people This film is supposed to be very interesting. (that) or (it) It is supposed that the film is very interesting Egypt is a good country. ( said) It is said that egypt is a good country.

8. Unit 12 Countable &uncountable Some & any (Many –few ) (much – little) (few& a few) (Little& a little ) A lot of Mr. Hamada Sabra

9. COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES Countable nouns are nouns which can be counted and can be in the singular or the plural. a flower (singular) three flowers (plural)

10. COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES We put a before the noun in the singular when it begins with a consonant sound (b, d, p, etc.) and an when it begins with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u). an apple two apples

11. UNCOUNTABLES Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted and they usually have no plural. FOOD: Cheese, butter, meat, salt, pepper, bacon, bread, chocolate, honey, jam.... LIQUIDS: Coffe, milk, water, tea, wine, lemonade, petrol, oil, …

12. METARIALS: Gold, iron, silver, wood, paper…. ABSTRACT NOUNS: Beauty, love, happiness… OTHERS: Hair, money, news, snow, furniture, advice, weather….

13. COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES Some uncountable nouns can be made countable by using the following words in front of them: a jar of marmaladea piece of cake

14. COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES COUNTABLES - UNCOUNTABLES a loaf of bread a cup of coffee

15. يوجد كلمات في اللغة الانجليزيه غير معدوده و لكنها معدودة في اللغه العربية و منها Furniture Information Luggage Baggage News Advice Damage Progress Macaroni ولكي نعد هذه الكلمات او نجمعها نأتي ب أداه تجزأه A bit – a piece

16. I have some news for you. (a) I have a piece of news for you He gave me some information( three) He gave me three pieces of information ملحوظة : يعامل الاسم الغيرمعدود معاملة المفرد The news is very surprising.

17. Some & any

18. some We use We also use some with countable nouns but only in the plural. some cheesesome bananas some with uncountable nouns

19. some تاتي في الجمله الخبرية المثبته I have some tea. He will buy some books. وتاتي في الاستفهام الدال على عرض أو طلب Would you like some tea? Could you give me some water, please?

20. any تأتي في الجملة المنفية او الاستفهامية I don’t have any water to drink. (negative) Have you got any pens? (question)

21. Many كثير للعدد A Fewقليل للعدد لابد ان يأتي بعدهم اسم جمع many boys – many men – many girls Much كثير للكمية A littleقليل للكمية لابد ان يأتي بعدهم اسم غير معدود Much water – much money – little sugar Many- few –much little

22. Few – a few – little - a little Few – little قليل غير كاف تعتبر معه الجملة منفيه Few people visit this city. = People don’t visit this city a few -a little قليل كاف تعتبر معه الجملة مثبته

23. A lot of Lots of A great deal of Plenty of

24. A. Choose the correct answer: 1- We spend too............ time filling in forms. a- few b-some c- much d- many 2- There.......... A lot of people at the party last night. a- were b- is c- are d- was

25. 3- There were.......... Than 20 students present yesterday. a- fewer b- few c- little d- less 4- Sorry I haven't finished, I haven't had........ time today. a- much b- less c- many d- little 5- We didn't have tickets but we got into the stadium without...........difficulty. a- none b-any c- no d- some

26. 6- It was impossible to see............ in the dark. A- anything b-nothing c- thing d-something 7- Would you like...............ice ? It's really tasty. a- an b- no article c- no d- some 8- How............. packets of paper would you like to buy ? a- few b- little c- many d- much

27. 12-..................students applied for the course. a- Plenty b- Too much c- Too many d- A little 13-1 don't have enough...............I wish I didn't have to work so hard. a- time b- times c- a time d- timing 14- There is not...............milk in this bottle. a- little b- few c- a few d- much

28. 15-How................loaves of bread do you want ? a- much b- many c- long d- heavy 16- I don't have many books. I have just.................... a- much b- a few c- a lot d- a little

29. 17- How................oil do you want to buy ? a- often b- many c- long d- much 18- I'd like two.............of paper to write a letter. a- bars b- sheets c- packets d- bottles 19- Most of today's news....................good. a- is b- was c- are d- were

30. 20- Physics........................a difficult subject. a- seem b- look c- seems d- sound 21-I'm long sighted, so I must wear a................. a- glasses b- pair of glasses c- pairs of glasses d- glass 22- He is very poor. He doesn't have.......................money. a- much b- a lot of c- many d- a few

31. 23- The information you have received......................been useful. a- have b- is c- were d- has 24- Machinery in the factory........................to be fixed. a- need b- needs c- are needed d- is needed 25- Our goods.......................going to be sold all over the world. a- has b-are c- is d- have