1. Civil Liberties: First Amendment Freedoms Chapter 19 CA Standards: 12.1.2, 12.1.6, 12.2.1, 12.2.5, 12.3.1, 12.3.3, 12.5.1, 12.6.4, 12.7.4, 12.8.1, 12.10

2. Unalienable Rights Rights that CAN NOT be surrendered Civil Liberties = protection against the government Civil Rights = positive acts of government Key Amendments dealing with Civil Rights – The Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10) – 14 th amendment

3. Freedom of Religion Separation of Church and State What does this mean? – Government can not found its own church – Government can not give money to any religious organization – Government can not verbally support a particular religion When does the line gets crossed? – Government encourages religion (the nation was founded on religion) – Government does not tax the property or income of any religious organization (no property tax and non-profit status for taxes) – Most government officials take an oath of Office in the name of God and government sessions open in prayer – National Anthem and currency all refer to God

4. Religion and Education No religion in government funded public schools – No organized lead prayer – No Bible (except in English when used as a literature book) Exceptions which allow religion in public schools – Student religious groups – Student lead prayers before a sporting event – States provide financial support to religious (parochial) schools Lemon Test – 1. purpose for funding must be secular, not religious – 2. primary purpose must not advance or inhibit religion – 3. must avoid excessive use of government aide

5. Freedom of Speech and Press Free Expression – spoken and written word Limitations on Free Speech and Press – Libel: false use of printed words – Slander: false use of spoken words – Common Sense: Don’t Yell FIRE unless there is one – Seditions speech: overthrowing the government or disruption of the law – Obscenity: “the bad words”

6. Freedom of Assembly and Petition People have the right to gather PEACEFULLY Public Property – Requires a permit Private Property – Can not trespass on private property Freedom of Association – Allowed to belong to organizations which promote political, economic, and other social causes – However, the organization is also protected to EXCLUDE members