1. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai1 Status of the NICA / MPD Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Status of the NICA / MPD Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Dubna  Introduction  Physics Motivation – White Book  NICA Concept  Collaboration  MPD concept  Working Groups activity  Time Schedule & competitivenes  Conclusions V.Kekelidze

2. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai2 10 GeV Synchrophasotron put in operation in 1957 High Energy Machines at JINR, Dubna the Laboratory of High Energy Physics the first superconducting accelerator for relativistic ions NUCLOTRON launched in 1993 Introduction

3. 3  Project NICA (Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility) ((Multi Purpose Detector) MPD ((Multi Purpose Detector) is dedicated to study of hot & dense baryonic matter and development of the home accelerator facility providing relativistic heavy ions & polarized beams  all these allow to start a new strategic course of JINR towards the frontier research in the relevant fields of high energy physics Introduction 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics became a high priority task in many scientific centers (BNL, CERN, GSI, JINR,..) since last few decades

4. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai4 Phase diagram for strongly interacted matter NICA LE-RHIC scan LE-RHIC scan

5. Round Table IV & the NICA White Paper JINR Dubna Lebedev Institute, Russia Kurchatov Institute, Russia St.Petersburg SU, Russia ITEP, Russia LBNL, USA Ohio SU, USA University of Illinois, USA BNL, USA INR, Russia University of Barselona, Spain University of Florence, Italy University of Cape Town, South Africa INFN, Italy University of Giessen, Germany National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, China Institute of High Energy Physics, ChinaVariable Energy Cyclotron Centre, India Jan Kochanovski University, Poland University of Frankfurt, Germany University of Coimbra, Portugal Wayne SU, USA BITP, Ukraine Tel Aviv University, Israel Weizmann Institute, Israel University of Catania, Italy Mateja Bela University, Slovakia Institute of Applied Science, Moldova GSI, Germany MEPhI, Russia 39 scientific centers 15 Countries (8 JINR members) in University of Oslo, Norway INP MSU, Russia University of Bielefeld, Germany 86 authors from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China SISSA, Italy University of Trento, Italy Arizona State University, USA Wroclav University, Poland Los Alamos National Laborator 9 September 2009 10-12 February 20105V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

6. 6 Physics tasks for MultiPurpose Detector  event-by-event fluctuation in hadron productions (multiplicity, Pt etc.)  HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the systems involving π, K, p, Λ  directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons  multi-strange hyperon production: yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases)  photon & electron probes  search for P- & CP violation as a charge asymmetry 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai should be studied for different ions (from p to Au) by scanning in b & energy (in the range  S NN = 4 - 11 GeV/u)

7.  MMT-DY processes with L&T polarized p & D beams: - extraction of unknown (poor known) PDF - PDFs from J/y production processes  Spin effects in baryon, meson & photon productions  Spin effects in various exclusive reactions & diffractive processes  Cross sections, helicity amplitudes & double spin asymmetries (Krisch effect) in elastic reactions  Spectroscopy of quarkoniums  Polarimetry 10-12 February 20107V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai Physics tasks for Spin Physics Detector

8. 8 NICA working schema NICA working schema Booster acceleration 100 МeV/u 600 МeV/u Nuclotron 1.1×10 9 ions 1  4.5 GeV/u (max) IP-1 IP-2 striping (80%) 197 Au 32+  197 Au 79+ Two superconducting storage rings of the collider 2 х 17 injections per cycle Injector: 2×10 9 ions 197 Au 32+ energy 6.2 МeV/u 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

9. 9 Nuclotron-M - the 1st stage of the NICA project 2010 an upgrade of existing SC accelerator Nuclotron New Linac operational 2013 Booster in operation 2013 Nuclotron-M beam to NICA 2013 NICA collider first beam 2014 MPD min configuration ready for the beam 2015 NICA / MPD major milestones 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

10. 10  The goal – Nuclotron parameters to be reached in 2010 necessary for the NICA complex: - accelerated heavy ions A~200, - beam intensity ~ 10 9 A/cycle (0.2-0.4 Hz) - energy ~ 4.5 GeV/u for 197 Au 79+  Major tasks: Development of new injection complex Modernization of RF system Upgrade of diagnostics & beam control systems Modernization of the vacuum system Modernization of the electric- and cryo- supply systems Development of the minimum required infrastructure Nuclotron-М for NICA 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

11. 11 Collider NICA 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai 11 MPD RF SPD x,y kicker 10 m Injection channels Spin rotator Beam dump Long. kicker S_Cool PU x, y, long E_cooler

12. 12 Collider Collider – general parameters 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai Ring circumference, [m]251 (>) B  max [ T  m ]45.0 Ion kinetic energy (Au79+), [GeV/u]1.0  4.56 Dipole field (max), [ T ]4.0 (2.0) Free space at IP (for detector)9 m Beam crossing angle at IP0 Vacuum, [ Torr ]10 -11 Luminosity per one IP, cm -2 ∙s -1 0.75÷11 ∙10^26

13. 13 2009201020112012201320142015 KRION LINAC + Channel Booster + Channel Booster: magnet syst. Nuclotron-M Nuclotron-NICA Transfer ch. to Collider Collider Diagnostics PS systems Control systems Infrastructure R & DDesignmanufacturemountingmount+comcommis/oproperation NICA: works schedule 24 September 2009V.Kekelidze, JINR, 106 Scientific Council

14. 14 NICA CDR Jan 2008 MPD LoIFeb 2008 NICA TDRMay 2009 MPD CDR (first version) May 2009 White book (first version) June 2009 NICA / MPD project documents 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

15. The MPD Collaboration  Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, RF  Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NAS, Ukraine  Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF  Institute Theoretical & Experimental Physics, RF  St.Petersburg State University, RF  Institute of Applied Physics, AS, Moldova  Institute for Nuclear Reseach & Nuclear Energy BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria  Institute for Scintillation Materials, Kharkov, Ukraine  State Enterprise Scientific & Technology Research Institute for Apparatus construction, Kharkov, Ukraine  Particle Physics Center of Belarussia State University 1510-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai MPD Collaboration Members of the Collaboration  JINR ~ 100  Other institutes ~ 50 Institutions  JINR  + 10 institutes from 5 countries The Collaboration is permanently growing New members – are welcome Version 0.7 http://nica.jinr.ru/files/CDR_MPD/MPD_CDR.pdf

16. 16 Progress of the MPD project preparation The first MPD concept was presented in LoI issued in February 2008 - it is now modified The first version of MPD CDR was issued in June 2009 Now the version 0.7 is available It will be developed in 2010 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai http://nica.jinr.ru Version 0.7

17. 17 3D view of the MPD (conceptual design) SC Solenoid Forward spectrometer-B Toroid 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai 3 stages of putting into operation 1-st stage barrel part (TPC, Ecal, TOF) + ZDC, BBC, S-SC, … 2-nd stage IT,EC-subdetectors 3-d stage F-spectrometers (optional ?)

18. CD η-regions & energy scan 18 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

19. IT interior (cross-sectional views) Central tracker (IT)  Based on silicon microstrip detector technology  Precise collision vertex reconstruction (σ z = 120  m, σ r  = 23  m)  Very efficient for V0 reconstruction  Low momentum PID capability 10-12 February 201019V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

20. Neutral kaon & Hyperon detection 20 Neutral kaon & Lambda decays invariant mass reconstruction V 0 reconstruction 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

21. Time Projection Chamber (TPC) TPC is the main tracking device:  low material budget meets the requirements of the experiment  high read-out rates (up to 6 kHz)  has good tracking and PID performance  better than 99% track reconstruction efficiency at p t > 0.15 GeV/c  spatial resolution σ z = 1 mm, σ x = 0.6 mm 10-12 February 201021V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

22. The MPD TOF detector Dimensions, coverage: length – 5 m inner radius - 1.2 m, outer radius - 1.4 m coverage - |  |<1.4 Granularity: 12 sectors in  55 RPC modules (62x7 cm 2 ) along z 48 2.5x3.5 cm 2 pads in each module # of readout channels – 31700 geom. efficiency - 95% thickness X/X 0 ~ 20% Resistive Plate Chambers : widely used (STAR, ALICE, HADES, CBM) intrinsic time resolution up to 60 ps functional in magnetic fields, 100% efficient up to fluxes ~ 10 3 cm -2 s -1 TOF barrel 10-12 February 201022V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

23. Fast Forward Detector (FFD)  Fast event triggering with forward photon detector  Precise T0 time (TDC “Start”) determination (  ~ 50 ps) 10-12 February 201023V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

24. FFD performance  High acceptance for gammas in the forward direction  Excellent efficiency up to very peripheral collisions  Novel Micro-Channel Plate Photomultipliers allow for a sub-40 ps timing! Photon multiplicity versus centrality 10-12 February 201024V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

25. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai25 EM calorimeter prototyping

26. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai26 EM calorimeter (performance study)  High energy and time resolution  Good PID capabilities for photons, electrons and hadrons

27. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai27 Neutron / gamma separation with Ecal TOF + Energy E = 1 GeV Efficiency (Energy)

28. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai28 Neutron / gamma separation with Ecal X-Y (transverse) & Z (longitudinal) shapes of the cluster profiles Efficiency of neutron identification: 95% with 3 % admixture of photons

29. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai29 Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC)  Event centrality determination  Event plane reconstruction capability 80 modules 5x5 cm 2 60 layers of lead-scintillator (4:1), 6 WLS-fibers for light readout MAPD as photodetectors

30. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai30 ZDC performance  Energy resolution (  ZDC ~ 6 GeV) meets the experiment requirements  Centrality determination in the range 0..11 fm Energy deposited in ZDC versus centrality Energy deposited in ZDC versus track multiplicity

31. Straw end-cap tracker (ECT)  Tracking in the forward direction  Complementary to TPC measurements 6 layers of straws 10-12 February 201031V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

32. 32 Working Groups  TPC prototyping - Yu.Zanevski et. al.  Magnet- A.Kovalenko, V.Borisov et.al.  ECal - I.Tyapkin, A.Olchevsky et.al.  TOF- V.Golovatyuk et.al.  Straw wheels- V.Peshekhonov et.al.  ZCal - A.Kurepin et.al.  CPC- Yu.Kiryushin et.al.  FFD- V.Yurevich et.al.  BBC- R.Zulkarneev et.al.  DAQ- V.Slepnev, S.Bazylev et.al.  IT- Yu.Murin, V.Nikitin et.al. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai The CBM-MPD SST consortium: GSI - JINR – IHEP - … in IT silicon module development is well progressing

33. 33 Discussion with the potential participators, contractors having an experience in large solenoid construction has started. A schedule and cost evaluation will be prepared a.s.a.p. for: conceptual design + R&D technical documentation reparation production and tests Magnet - project development 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

34. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai34 TPC Prototype-2 construction design spoke sample Al flange bottom plate as a central electrode carbon-plastic cylinder D=95 cm, L=70 cm, wall thickness = 3 mm

35. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai35 Assembling of ТРС Field cage HV electrode

36. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai36 ТРС Prototype: Time scale in 2010

37. Double stack (10 gaps) RPC, read-out pads 2.5 х 3.5 cm 2 An RPC prototype active area 7 x 14 cm 2 TOF RPC prototyping 10-12 February 201037V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

38. ECT prototyping Sub-module prototype Studies were aimed in investigation of:  optimal gas mixture  time-amplitude characteristics  rate capabilities Rate capability for a 4 mm diameter straw 10-12 February 201038V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

39. Integration & services 39 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

40. Installation sequence & support structure Solenoid + ECal ECal Solenoid + ECal +TOFSolenoid + ECal +TOF+TPC 4010-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai rails

41. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai41 Analysis of hadron spectra & yields with the MPD detector Goals:  feasibility for extraction of hadronic yields with a proposed MPD design  estimation of sub-detector parameters crucial for good particle identification (PID) Procedure:  Full reconstruction chain implementing hit production, tracking, TPC-TOF matching,  Particle identification procedure has been developed using TOF information  All corrections are determined from MC simulation : reconstruction efficiency, acceptance, decays in flight, secondary interactions, etc.  Invariant p t -distributions of p, K, p are obtained  Analysis procedure and results are described in the CDR

42. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai42 Large acceptance PID capability for hadrons & expected acceptances (TPC+TOF-barrel configuration) Excellent PID for hadrons!

43. 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai43 Fit: Hadron spectra in central Au+Au collisions 300 events CDR v0.7, p.192 Results of feasibility study:  Excellent parameters of the MPD for study of hadron yields  High reliability of the developed reconstruction (tracking, PID) & analysis algorithms (correction evaluations, reconstruction of pt-spectra) fit: Deviation from the reference values below 6% (only for 300 events)!

44. Timetable of the MPD works 44 the first colliding beams for MPD is expected in 2015 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

45. 45 NICA/MPD –competitive & complimentary to  running experiments - STAR, Phenix at RHIC (BNL) preparation for LES - NA49/NA61 & ALICE at SPS & LHC (CERN) - HADES at SIS-18 (GSI)  in preparation: - CBM at SIS-100/300 (GSI) 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai NICA / MPD advantages - optimal energy range for max baryonic density - close to 4 pi geometry - homogeneous acceptance & resolution functions versus measured & scanned parameters (kinematics, b, energy etc.)

46. 46 Physics motivation & competitiveness are well proven by the White Book & Round Table -4 Realization of the first stage - Nuclotron-M is going well - should be completed in 2010 Other stages of the NICA complex are well defined & proposed for construction in the NICA TDR The MPD design & R&D are progressing well - the CDR is available The corresponding collaboration is growing New members are welcome Conclusions 24 September 2009V.Kekelidze, JINR, 106 Scientific Council

47. 47 Thank you 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

48. 48 Spare 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

49. Particle identification TPC using ionization TPC (ionization) & TPC+TOF (mass reconstruction) 49 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai pion kaon proton

50. 50 Phase diagram NICA 10-12 February 201050V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

51. 51 Physics Motivation LE-RHIC scan LE-RHIC scan NICA energy range NICA energy range 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

52. CD assembly (without IT) completed Rails TOF Solenoid ECal 5210-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

53. 53 SPD: Spin Physics Detector (preliminary) Leaders: A.Nagaitsev, I.Savin, O.Shevchenko Requirement to the detector: 4  geometry to enlarge MMTDY event statistics minimal X 0 – effective detection of lepton pairs good angular resolution – very important for azimuthal spin asymmetry measurements in the wide kinematical region 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

54. New technologies for 54  Max transparency (low X 0 ) of end cap structure  New electronics providing the rate of ~ 6 kHz 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai TPC construction - Straw Wheels Design

55. 55 main results of the runs #38 (2008) & #39 (2009): essential improvement of accelerator performance in addition, several shifts were provided for the physics experiments 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai Nuclotron-М - the first stage of NICA project The decision was taken to carry out the physical runs only in case of guaranteed stable & reliable work of accelerator -Plans: -Run #40: November 2009 (400-900 hours). Run #42: February 2010 (400-900 hours).

56. 56 NICA/MPD –competitive & complimentary to  running experiments - STAR, Phenix at RHIC - NA49/NA61 at CERN - HADES at GSI  in preparation: - ALICE at CERN - CBM at GSI 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai NICA / MPD advantages - optimal energy range for max baryonic density - close to 4 pi geometry - homogeneous acceptance & resolution functions versus measured & scanned parameters (kinematics, b, energy etc.)

57. 57 Physics tasks for MultiPurpose Detector  event-by-event fluctuation in hadron productions (multiplicity, Pt etc.)  HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the systems involving π, K, p, Λ  directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons  multi-strange hyperon production: yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases)  photon & electron probes  search for P- & CP violation as a charge asymmetry 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai should be studied for different ions (from p to Au) by scanning in b & energy (in the range  S NN = 4 - 11 GeV/u)

58. - ring vacuum – improvement for 2 order of magnitude (x10 -9 ) -RF system: trapping & bunching systems, controls & diagnostics; adiabatic capture (x2 intensity) - slow extraction system for accelerated heavy ions at maximal energies ( new HV PS for the electro-static septum) - automatic control system, diagnostics & beam orbit detection & correction system - successfully commissioned cryogenics after full-scale modernization (10-15% less consumption of N & LHe) - Injector (fore-injector & LU-20): geodesy, new PS; -> for heavy ions; - 4 runs KRION-2: C Н 4, N 2, O 2, Ar -> Xe 44+ 10-12 February 2010 58 V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai MODERNIZATION of: -->x10 -10 - KRION 6T; - SPD

59. 59  the study of hot & dense baryonic matter would provide us with relevant information on - in-medium properties of hadrons & nuclear matter equation of state - de-confinement and chiral symmetry restoration, - phase transition, mixed phase & critical end-point - possible strong P- & CP violation Physics motivation  It is indicated in series of theoretical works -A. Sissakian, A. Sorin, V. Toneev, G. Zinovjev et al. -M. Gazdzicki, M. Gorenstein, -.... that an optimal way to reach the highest possible baryon density in the lab is heavy ion collision at  S NN = 4 - 11 GeV/u 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

60. 60 Nuclotron upgrade: achievements & open questions Stable operation of beam intensity 2*10 10 ppc at 1Tesla = 2.5 GeV/n The magnetic field - reached 1.5T & the deutron beam up to 3.8 GeV/n Modern quench detection system & new energy evacuation systems -are under commissioning 10-12 February 201060V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai The goal for beam dynamics improvement: minimization of the beam losses at all stages from injection to acceleration & to extraction of the beams -not more then 15-20% (it is now ~ 50-80%)

61. 61 Leaders: I.Meshkov, A.Kovalenko, G.Trubnikov,  Machine advisory committee (MAC) Boris Sharkov, ITEP, chairman Pavel Beloshitsky, CERN Sergei Ivanov, IHEP Thomas Roser, BNL Markus Steck, GSI Nicholas John Walker, Desy  1-st report on Nuclotron-M Jan 2009  1-st review on NICA June 2009  The next meeting is foreseen in DubnaJan 2010 Accelerator Facility 10-12 February 2010V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

62. MPD Performance Acceptance (B=0.5 T): Full azimuthal IT (|  |<2.5) TPC (|  |<2) TOF (|  |<3) ECAL (|  |<1.2) FFD (2.5<|  |<3.2) Forward (2<|  |<4) ZDC (|  |>3) TPC (dE/dx):  /K ~0.6 GeV/c, ( ,K)/p ~1.0 GeV/c TOF:  /K ~ 1.5 GeV/c ( ,K)/p ~ 3 GeV/c 10-12 February 201062V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai

63. TOF performanceBarrel Barrel + endcap 10 3 UrQMD (Au+Au) events, B = 0.5(0.2) T |  | < 1.4, p t =[0.1..2] GeVc – barrel |  | < 2.6, pt=[0.1..2] GeVc – barrel+endcap ~ 2   /K separation @ 1.3-1.5 GeV/c 10-12 February 201063V.Kekelidze, Srong Interactions in XXI, Mumbai