1. BUILDING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FOR COLLABORATIVE R&D AS A TECH TRANSFER TOOL Lorne Heslop Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada May 29, 2003

2. Public Collaboration in R&D is Changing What do we need to do?

3. Background US –Bayh-Dole Act (legislation) –Technology Transfer Act(s) Canada – Policy –uniquely implemented by each department

4. Current Observations - 1 TT increases benefits from public research Royalties support new research and reward scientists US university patenting up 5 fold US university royalties at $2B

5. Current Observations - 2 US CRADAS down 4 fold Access to Upstream Research is too Costly patents & licenses drive research transaction costs > benefits Why license? Patenting hampers accessibility - The Patent Thicket

6. Current Observations - 3 Access to Upstream Research is too Costly Cost of Negotiating Access > Benefits of Access Cost of “Inventing Around” is too Great Why patent?

7. What to do? Change the Patent Law? Restrict public patenting?

8. Other Observations Output-financed & supplier dominated? “Private watchdog” or ”Servant to business”? Focus too narrow?

9. Current Environment Multi-Partner Collaborations - Shaping the Future of R&D Speech from the Throne Council of Science & Technology Advisers

10. Role of Federal Government in Science support for decision making, policy development and regulations development and management of standards support for public health, safety, environmental and/or defense needs enabling economic and social development

11. Communities of Purpose Science and Technology Society and Politics Economics and Finance EnvironmentResource ManagementEconomic DevelopmentHealthSecurity Communities of Practice Purpose & Practice

12. Modes of Research Mode 1 Basic Research Explanation Oriented Disciplinary Silo Peer Review Internal Accountability Explains “Why” Mode 2 Applied Research Solutions Oriented Multi Disciplinary External Relevance External Accountability Exploits “How & Now” Mode 3 Societal Orientation Futures Oriented Trans Disciplinary Policy/Strategy Driven Transparency Examines “What, When, & Where”

13. Increasing Public Value NRC Strategic Evolution

14. Where to in the future? National S&T Vision Multi-Partner Collaboration

15. What can FPTT do?

16. What do Canadians want? sustainable environment safe and healthy food public health and safety and economic prosperity. AND Multi-Partner Collaboration

17. References From “Rapporteurs’ Summary of the Joint Netherlands-OECD Expert Workshop on the Strategic Use of IPRs by Public Research Organizations. Technology Transfer: Frustrated Industry Shuns Government Laboratory Research” ManufacturingNews.Com Vol9, #16. Intellectual Property and Agricultural Research Implications for Public and Private Sectors, Sponsored by NC2003, New Brunswick, New Jersey, February 28 - March 1, 2003 Agricultural public-sector resaerch establishments in Western Europe: research priorities in conflict.” Levidow, Les, Villy Sogaard, Susan Carr. Science and Public Policy, Vol. 29, No. 4, August 2002, pp287-295