1. Period 3 4a-1e Grammar focus Section A Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth.

2. 1. 不同种类的污染 2. 在河底 3. 把垃圾扔到河里 4. 在 …… 中起作用 different kinds of pollution at the bottle of the river throw rubbish into the river play a part in I. Check if you know these phrases. 5. 在中国南部 6. 对 …… 有害 7. 在 …… 顶部 8. 海洋生态系统 in southern China be harmful to/do harm to… at the top of the ocean’s ecosystem in the south of China

3. 一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1 ． Smoking is h________ to our health. 2 ． The girl is u________ ， but her sister is beautiful. 3 ． My father likes wearing his ________ ( 木制的 ) shoes. 4 ． We should bring ________ ( 塑料 ) bags for shopping. 5 ． He had the ____________ ( 长处 ) of a good education. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1 ． I saw two ___________ (fisherman) selling fishes in the market. 2 ． Throwing ________ (litter) away isn't allowed. 3 ． He has many _________________ (advantage) ． We like to get on well with him. 4 ． The best ________ (method) to protect the environmentbest _ is to avoid kinds of pollution. 5 ． The price of these oranges is ________ (low) than that of th of those apples. armful gly wooden plastic advantage fishermen method advantages lower

4. take part in afford turn off reusable pay for take action transportation 参加 v. 买的起；承担的起 （后果） 关掉 adj. 可重复使用的 付费；付出代价 采取行动 n. 运输业；交通运输 Words Review recycle napkin n. 回收利用；再利用 n. 餐巾；餐巾纸

5. We are trying to save the earth.Present progressive The river used to be so clean.used to The air is badly polluted.Passive voice No scientific studies have shown that sharks fins are good for health. Present perfect We should save the sharks.Model verbs Grammar Focus

6. Pay attention to the sentences. 1. We’re trying to save the earth. 2. The river used to be so clean. 3. The air is badly polluted. 4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 5. We should help save the sharks. Present progressive used to Passive voice Present perfect Modal verbs

7. 本单元复习 1. 现在进行时、 2.used to 句型、 3. 被动语态、 4. 现在完成时 5. 情态动词。

8. 现在进行时 : Present Progressive 结构 : be (am/is/are) + v.-ing 标志词： Look, Listen, now, right now… e.g. Look! The boy is crying. 定义：表示说话时 ( 瞬间 ) 正在进行 的动作, 也表示目前或现阶 段正在进行的动作。

9. What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing?

10. used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而现 在往往不做了, 后接动词原 形。 be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事 e.g. I used to get up at six o’clock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning. used to do 与 be used to doing

11. Translation. 1. 她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends. 2. 他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。 He is used to staying up.

12. 被动语态： Passive voice 定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行 为动作的对象的一种语态。 结构： be + 过去分词 e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.

13.  被动语态 初中阶段我们学习了七种被动结构，归纳如下： （ 1 ）一般现在时是被动语态： am / is / are + 过去分词 （ 2 ）现在完成时的被动式： have / has + been + 过去分词 （ 3 ）现在进行时的被动式： am/ is/ are + being + 过去分词 （ 4 ）一般过去时的被动式： was / were + 过去分词 （ 5 ）过去进行时的被动式： was / were + being + 过去分词 （ 6 ）过去完成时的被动式： had + been + 过去分词 （ 7 ）一般将来时的被动式： will / be going to be+ 过去分词 （ 8 ）含有情态动词的被动式： 情态动词 +be + 动词的过去分词。

14. Translate the sentences by using Passive voice. 1. 刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。 2. 工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。 The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers.

15. 结构 : has/have + 过去分词 标志词： already, yet, ever, never, since, for… e.g. I haven’t finished my homework yet. 定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影 响 ; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始一 直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的 动作。 现在完成时 : Present Perfect

16. Complete the following sentences. 1. I _________ (be) in Beijing for two years. 2. I _____ never _____ (hear) of that man before. 3. Tom __________ (work) there since two years ago. have been have heard has worked

17. 4. The twins ___________ (wash) the clothes for an hour. 5. He _________ (play) basketball since three years ago. 6. How long ____ Sally _____ (sing) yet? have washed has played hassung

18. 1. 情态动词本身有一定的词义, 表示说 话人的情绪、态度或语气, 但不能单 独作谓语, 只能与其他动词构成谓语。 常见的有 : can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would) 等。 情态动词

19. 2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原 形。否定式是在情态动词后面加 not 。个 别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达更 加客气、委婉的语气。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous.

20. Translation. 1. 我们不能在教室里吃东西。 2. 首先你必须完成作业。 3. 他现在不可能在家。 4. 她一定知道这个问题的答案。 We can’t eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He can’t be at home now. She must know the answer to this question.

21. Joe: _____you ever _____ (take) part in an environmental project? Ken: Yes, I have. I _____ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was __________(consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ever ________(have). Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Have taken helped considered had 4a 参加

22. Joe: How many people ______ (take) part? Ken: I _____ (think) more than 1,000 people _____(come) to help out. Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _______ (try) to improve the environment. Ken: Yes, we can't afford to _____ (wait) any longer to take action! took think came trying wait v. 承担得起 ( 后果 ); 买得起

23. 4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. People __________ think that big things ______ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you ____ save may/might must can can would could have to should must may/ might electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You ______ also use could 关掉 adj. 可重复使用 的

24. reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think it’s a great idea that you now ______ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you ________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you __________ take the bus. All these could have to can/should can/could adj. 可重复使用 的 付费 ; 付出代价 small things ______ add up and become big things that _________ improve the environment. Let’s take action now! could would/can 采取行动

25. Make a list for things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner. A: I think that everyone should use public transportation. B: I disagree. it's difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation... use public transportation... 4c

26. Discussing... use public transportation take your own shopping bags when go shopping reduce the use of air conditioners in summer turn off the lights when you leave the room grow more plants... 4c

27. A: I think that everyone should take your own shopping bags when go shopping. B: I agree. it's good for the environment. C:……. D:….. I think that everyone should use public transportation..

28. What can we do to help save the planet? Rank these items from the easiest (1) to the most difficult (5) ____stop riding in cars ____recycle books and paper ____turn off the lights when you leave a room ____turn off the shower while you are washing your hair ____don’t use paper napkins 1a 1 2 3 4 5

29. Recycling paper is really easy. I agree. But it ’ s hard to stop riding in a car. Compare your answers in 1a with your partner. 1b

30. ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Listen again. Check ( ✔ ) the things that Julia is doing now, the things she will do in the future and the things she would never do. 1d

31. Listen again and answer the questions. 1. Who read a book? 2. Would Julia turn off the shower when she is washing the hair? 3. Does Jack live close to school? Jack. No, she would never do that. Yes, he does.

32. In order to _______electricity, Jack asked Julia to ____ ____ （关） the lights. He says he has just read a book__________ gives ideas about ______ to save the _____________( 环境 ). He tells Julia that people should turn off the shower when we wash our hair. And we should take the bags _____ we go shopping. It is also good _____ the environment to ride bikes to school ______ _____ riding in cars. Julia said that she has short hair, it only ____ a few minutes to wash her hair. And it’s easy for her to take her bags to go shopping. As for ______ a bike to school, she thinks it’s too difficult. Because her home is _____ from school. it would take her 45 minutes to get to school ____ a bike. save turn off that/which how environment when for instead of takes riding far on

33. Make a conversation using the information from the chart above. Say what is true for you. A: We really shouldn’t use paper napkins, you know. B: I know. I stopped using them last year. 1e Pair work

34. People are cutting down too many trees. What should we do? We should tell them the importance of planting trees and plant more trees.

35. We really shouldn’t use paper napkins, you know. I know. I stopped using them last year.

36. We really shouldn’t use paper napkins, you know. I know. I stopped using them last year.

37. 1. We can’t afford to wait any longer to take action! afford v. 承担得起 ; 提供, 给予 afford to do sth. ( 常与 can, be able to 连用 ) 买得起 ; 有足够的 …… e.g. We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。 Dancing affords us pleasure. 跳舞给我们带来快乐。

38. 2. …save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. e.g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed. 睡觉前请关掉电视。 turn around 转身 turn up 调高 ( 音量 ) turn down 调低 ; 拒绝 turn into 变成 ; 进入 turn on 打开, 发动 turn off 关掉, 关闭 turn out to be 结果是 turn over 移交 拓展 : turn 相关短语 关掉

39. 选择填空： 1.-- ____ you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the phone number. -- Sure. Here it is. A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must 2. -- May I go to the cinema, Mum? -- Certainly, but you ___ be back by 11 o'clock. A. can B. may C. must D. need 3. you ___ worry about me. It's nothing serious. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. won't

40. 4. -- Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? -- Sorry, I'm not sure. but it ____ be. A. might B. mustn't C. can't D. must 5. The man in the office ____ be Mr. Black, because he went home just now. A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't

41. 6. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he _____ yet. A. didn’t arrive B. doesn’t arrive C. isn’t arriving D. hasn’t arrived 7. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ___ as “People’s Writer”. A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards

42. 8. (2013 江苏淮安 ) It's getting dark. Please __ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around 9. (2013 湖北随州 )–How does Jack usually go to work? —He ______ drive a car, but now he ______ there to lose weight. A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walking C. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking

43. 10. (2013 湖北宜昌 )—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. —More chances _______ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering

44. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The old man used _____ (be) a teacher. 2. We should _____ (clean) the room every day. 3. Look! Tom _________ (sleep) in his room. 4. Lots of trees __________ (plant) on the hill every year. 5. He _________ (live) here for 20 years. to be clean is sleeping are planted has lived

45. Write an article to show in what way we students can protect the environment.