1. ACTIVE LECTURE QUESTIONS Barbara Hunnicutt Seminole Community College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings 2 Basic Chemistry

2. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings True or False? Protons have a positive charge. a.True b.False

3. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings That statement is true. Electrons are negatively charged and neutrons are neutral.

4. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The first three rings of an atom should hold how many electrons each? a.2, 2, 2 b.2, 2, 8 c.2, 4, 8 d.2, 8, 8

5. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Remember the rule of eights. Except for the first shell, eight is the preferred number.

6. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The symbol for potassium is a.Po b.P c.K d.Pm

7. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings K is the symbol for potassium; P is phosphorus. The symbols for some elements come from their Latin names.

8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings How many protons and electrons does hydrogen have? a.1,1 b.1,2 c.1,3 d.4,4

9. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Hydrogen, the simplest atom, has one proton and one electron. The number of protons should equal the number of electrons in an atom. Answers b and c represent isotopes of H.

10. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings If an element had 6 protons, 10 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what would its atomic mass be? a.6 b.10 c.12 d.16

11. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings An element with 6 protons, 10 neutrons and 6 electrons has an atomic mass of 16. The atomic mass of an element is the sum of its protons and neutrons. The atomic number is the number of protons, which equals the number of electrons.

12. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings What is the valence shell? a.The first shell of electrons b.An incomplete shell of electrons c.The last shell of electrons d.The sum of all the electrons

13. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The valence shell is the number of electrons in the last shell. This determines the reactivity of the atom. All atoms that need 1 to complete their valence shell are found in the first column of the periodic chart.

14. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A bond that involves the transfer of electrons is called a(n) a.covalent bond. b.hydrogen bond. c.ionic bond. d.electronic bond.

15. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become charged and are attracted to atoms of the opposite charge. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons. Note the prefix co- as in cooperate and cohabitate.