1. Week 5: Early Teleostei Osteoglossomorpha Elopomorpha Clupeomorpha

2. Osteoglossomorpha freshwater (not in Europe) bony tongue left oriented intestine

3. Class Lamprey Osteoglossomorpha

4. ps = parasphenoid tongue = glossohyal osteo-gloss = bony tongue

6. OSTEOGLOSSOMORPHA Hiodontidae (Hiodontiformes) FW NA ~ 2 sp. Pantodontidae (Osteglossiformes) W. Africa ~ 1 sp. Osteoglossidae (Osteoglossiformes) S. Hemisphere ~8 species

7. SA

8. North AmericaEurasia Australia AfricaSouth America cladogram for major continents Present day ~400 MYA Osteoglossidae arawana arapaima

9. Osteoglossidae arawana (arowana, aruana) silver arawana Osteoglossum bicirrhosum SA ~1 m pair of sensory barbels

10. 10 ft (3 m) 400 lbs (180) kg Arapaima gigas Brazil aquarium aka pirarucu Osteoglossidae

11. ornate

12. surface feeders aerial leaps ~2 m refraction

13. ~connected to gut lung-like air bladder

14. Osteoglossum Osteoglossidae arapaima arawana Amazon River Basin Osteoglossum

15. Scleropages Osteoglossum arawana

16. 120 MYA 105 MYA 65 MYA 50 MYA Today NH 6/09

17. Arapaima gigas both parents guard embryos (~50,000) in nest secretes nutritious mucus parental care

18. one parent mouth broods (~100) in mouth

19. Osteoglossum (S. A., Africa) (male mouth broods) Scleropages (Asian, Australian) (female mouth broods)

20. O. bicirrhosum