1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STI’s) Chlaymadia/syphillys

2. What are STI’s/STD’s?
Sexually Transmitted Diseases are infections that can be transferred from one person to another through sexual contact.
There are more than 25 diseases that can be transmitted through sexual activity.

3. Top 10 risk factors Unprotected sex Multiple partners
Under 25 years old/ Early age of sexual onset
Alcohol Use
Illicit Drug Use

4. Top 10 risk factors Trading sex for money/drugs
Living in a community with high prevalence of STDs
Serial Monogamy (dating a large number of people each year)
Having an STD
Using birth control as sole form on contraception

5. Who is at risk?
Adolescents and young adults are at the highest risk for developing an STD ages anywhere from
Anyone not using protecting and has had more than 1 partner puts you at a higher risk.

6. Important
It is important to understand that sexual contact does not just involve intercourse
It can involve kissing, oral-genital contact, the use of sexual "toys," such as vibrators, vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse,
No sex is “safe sex”

7. Protecting
There is no way to guarantee that you will not contract an STD but there are many ways you can reduce your risk
Using condoms properly can be useful to protect against some diseases such as HPV and gonorrhea
condoms are less effective protecting against herpes, trichomoniasis, and chlamydia. Condoms provide little protection against HPV, the cause of genital warts.

8. Preventing Learn about safer sex
Talk to you partner about their STI status and protection
Get tested for STI’s if you are sexually active
Be sure to follow up if you have been diagnosed to be sure the disease has been treated

9. Types of STD/STI’s 3 types of STIs
Bacterial- Vaginitis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphillis, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Viral – Herpes, Genetial warts, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV/AIDS
Parasitic - Trichomonas

10. Chlamydia
The most common sexually transmitted infection in North America
It is caused by the bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis
Women report the disease more often than men
92 million new cases of Chlamydia each year

11. Signs/Symptoms Known as the “silent” disease
75% of women and 50% of men won’t show signs
If symptoms start they will show within 1-3 weeks after exposure

12. Signs/Symptoms - Men
In men Chlamydia usually starts in the urethra, symptoms may come and go and may only be noticeable during the first urination of the day
Painful/burning on urination
Redness/swelling/burning/itching around opening
Discharge from penis

13. Signs/Symptoms in Women
A yellowish vaginal discharge that might have a foul odor
Painful burning during urination
Bleeding between periods and after intercourse
Pain during intercourse
Pain in the lower abdomen

14. Results
Chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease in women in left untreated. Increases risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility if the fallopian tubes are scared.
Can also cause Cervicitis in women
In men can cause epididymitis, urethritis and reactive arthritis

15. Treatment Treatment is simple and effective once diagnosed
Short antibiotic treatment
Important to return for a check-up once the treatment is complete to make sure of no reoccurring infection

16. Prevention Using condom
Having your partner be tested before intercourse for the first time
Get tested yourself

17. Syphilis
Sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterium Treponema Pallidium
Sexually transmitted – venereal syphilis
Pass from infected mother to her unborn child – congenital syphilis
12 million new infections each year

18. Symptoms Same in men and women
Can be mild and hard to set apart from other STDs
Can take up to 3 months to appear after exposed
Slowly progressing disease
Several stages
Primary and Secondary stages are very infectious

19. Primary stage
Painless ulcers (1 or more) appear at the site where the bacteria syphilis entered the body. Ulcers are also known as Chancres
Ulcers will usually appear 21 days after sexual contact
Ulcers may be difficult to notice but they are highly infectious
Usual locations: on the vulva (outside vagina), on the penis in men, around the anus and mouth in both men and women

20. Primary Stage
Without treatment these ulcers take between 2 and 6 weeks to heal
If the infection does not get treated at all it will move onto the Secondary stage of Syphilis

21. Secondary stage
Will usually occur 3-6 weeks after the ulcers have appeared
Symptoms are: a flu-like illness, tiredness, loss of appetite, swollen glands
Non-itchy rash covering the whole body in patches
Flat, warty growths on the vulva in women and around the anus in men and women
White patched on the tongue or roof of mouth
Patchy hair loss

22. Secondary stage
During this stage syphilis is highly infectious and can be sexually transmitted to a partner
Symptoms usually clear up even if not treated and may reoccur for following years
Treatment during any of these stages will cure the infection

23. Tertiary (Latent) stage
If a person has not received treatment this far the infection will move onto the latent stage.
The person will not experience symptoms as in previous stages
Infection can still be tested in the blood
If left untreated the infection can lead to late syphilis (tertiary)
Usually develops after 10 or more years and can effect the heart and nervous system
Treatment can still be given in the latent stage

24. Treatment
Usually a two week period of intramuscular penicillin injections or oral antibiotics
Fewer doses needed the person has had syphilis for less than a year
Attend clinical regularly for blood tests until syhilis is gone
Blood tests will always be positive for syphilis for the rest of your life because the body retains antibodies against the bacteria