1. 1.Which of these animals are called fish, but really aren’t? 2.Which of these animals are not called fish, but really are? 3.How does the body plan of a fish differ from that of the other animals pictured?

2. Section 26.1 Summary – pages 693-697 They have different types of body symmetry INVERTEBRATES Invertebrates are animals without backbones. They range from sponges, cnidarians (like jellyfish), worms, arthorpods (insects, shellfish, to echinoderms (starfish) Some are very simple and do not have organs, some do not have skeletal structures, and those that do usually have exoskeletons

3. INVERTEBRATES SPONGESCNIDARIANS WORMS MOLLUSKS ARTHROPODS Most successful animal ECHINODERMS These are the only invertebrates that have an endoskeleton

4. Section 26.1 Summary – pages 693-697 SPONGES Body Shape: Asymmetrical Size: Some are as small as a quarter and some are as big as a door The simplest animal Invertebrates make up 95 percent of all animals. Habitat: All marine and freshwater Under Phylum: Porifera, which means “pore bearer” Movement: Sessile as adults

5. Section 26.1 Summary – pages 693-697 Asexual reproduction occurs when a piece of the sponge falls off, settles, and grows into a new sponge. SPONGES Sponges can reproduces both asexually and sexually!

6. Section 26.1 Summary – pages 693-697 Most sponges reproduce sexually. Some sponges have separate sexes, but most sponges are hermaphrodites. A hermaphrodite is an animal that can produce both eggs and sperm. SPONGES Hermaphrodites do not fertilize their own gametes, but cross-fertilize with other organisms of the same species.

7. The animal kingdom as a whole is diverse like the sponges themselves…. Some invertebrates are asexual: This means the offspring comes from part of the organism and is AN EXACT genetic copy of the parent animal. Examples of Asexual Animals: Some Jellyfish Some Starfish Sponges Some worms Some insects

8. The animal kingdom as a whole is diverse like the sponges themselves…. Many animals are sexual: This means there are male and female gametes produced and the sperm fertilize the egg to create new offspring. The offspring are not genetically identical to one parent. Examples of Sexual Animals: Almost all vertebrates Most Insects Some jellyfish Ah ha! Male coral releasing sperm into the water, for EXTERNAL fertilization.

9. Hermaphrodites are a type of sexual reproducing animal: These are animals that make both sperm and eggs, but they do not fertilize themselves (there would be no point if they did because their offspring would be identical to them), so they swap sperm and eggs with other hermaphrodites to produce genetically different offspring. Examples of Naturally Sexual Hermaphrodite Animals: Snails Most worms Banana slugs Hamlets (type of fish) Disturbing

10. VERTEBRATES A vertebrate is an animal with an endoskeleton and a backbone. PHYLUM:CHORDATA BODY PLAN: ALL HAVE BILATERAL SYMMETRY

11. VERTEBRATES All vertebrates have: CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM A NERVOUS SYSTEM WITH COMPLEX BRAINS COMPLEX SENSORY ORGANS EFFICIENT RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS

12. VERTEBRATES FISH AMPHIBIANS REPTILES BIRDS MAMMALS