1. C LIMATE C HANGE AND T OURISM IN S WITZERLAND : I MPACTS, V ULNERABILITY AND P OSSIBLE A DAPTATION M EASURES Cecilia Matasci PhD student EPFL ENAC INTER REME CH-1015 Lausanne Tel: +41 79 283 95 48 E-mail : cecilia.matasci@epfl.ch

2. CONTENTS Introduction – climate change and tourism Impacts Vulnerability Possible adaptation measures Conclusions 2 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

3. Perch-Nielsen (2008) Tourism and climate change intertwined INTRODUCTION 3 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

4. SWITZERLAND -1/11 people directly or indirectly working for tourism (1/3 in mountain areas) (Dayer, 1998) - 5.2% of national GDP (Bfs, 2005) - 30.4 billions CHF 2005 : 61% inner tourism 39% foreign tourism (5.3 % income from export → 4th place) (BfS, 2008) - Indirect benefits: commerce, transports, banks, insurances, etc. Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009 4 INTRODUCTION

5. 5 Costs and damages of climate change in 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2100 for the principal domains Tourism Buildings Energy Human and infrastructure health Ecoplan/Sigmaplan (2007) INTRODUCTION Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

6. 6 CATEGORIES OF IMPACT CONSIDERED 1. Changes in climate suitability 2. Snow pack reduction 3. Glaciers melting4. Permafrost melting – Rock Falls 5. Natural hazards 6. Water scarcity - Drought 7. Landscape changes – Scenic beauty Perch-Nielsen (2007)Maisch in Beniston (2004) Beniston (2003)OcCC/Proclim (2007) www.news.bbc.co.uk Badler and Kunz (2000) I MPACTS Seven Categories of Impacts considered www.dessertcomesfirst.com Ecoplan/Sigmaplan (2007) +3°C 2050 Glacier de la Tschierva, Engadine Slide from Beniston (2004)

7. Preston (2008) Definining vulnerability ‘Vulnerability is the degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with, adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity.’ [IPCC, 2007] Exposure Sensitivity Potential impact Adaptive capacity Vulnerability VULNERABILITY 7 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

8. OBJECTIVES Develop a tool for stimulating discussion about climate change vulnerability and adaptation within Switzerland and the tourism sector Examine spatial heterogeneity in vulnerability Examine differential vulnerability to different climate impacts Identify diversity of drivers that may contribute to vulnerability Determine similitude between regions → promote collaboration and exchange of information 8 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

9. 9 METHOD ExposureSensitivityAdaptive capacity Changes in climate suitability Tourism structureFeasibility Snowpack reductionPopulation. Social Glaciers meltingEconomy. Economic Permafrost melting - rockfall Infrastructure. Technological Natural hazardsInstitution. Institutional Water scarcity – drought Environment. Environmental Landscape – scenic beauty Acceptability. Social

10. METHOD 10 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

11. 11 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009 P OSSIBLE ADAPTATION MEASURES

12. Tourism : one of the most affected domains of CH economy Various impacts, both on offer and supply Regions differentially exposed and vulnerable Vulnerability hotspots → importance to adapt Various types of adaptation measures possible 12 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009 CONCLUSIONS

13. Thank you for your attention! 13 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009

14. 14 Cecilia Matasci - 20 November 2009