1. Foundation year BIOLOGY-BIOL (101) Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes- Animal &Plant cells Dr. Huda Kassem

2. 1-The cell membrane: which separates the cell from the external environment, Controls what enters and exits the cell. 2- The genetic material: DNA which: a. directs and controls all cellular function. b. enables the cell to reproduce (by mitosis), passing on its characteristics to the offspring. 3- Other components of the cell: The cytoplasm which include: a. A large number and variety of molecules. b. Organelles, each of which performs a specific function, e.g. ribosomes, Golgi complex, mitochondria, etc. There are 2 fundamentally distinct kinds of cells: (A) Prokaryotes (B) Eukaryotes 1-The cell membrane: which separates the cell from the external environment, Controls what enters and exits the cell. 2- The genetic material: DNA which: a. directs and controls all cellular function. b. enables the cell to reproduce (by mitosis), passing on its characteristics to the offspring. 3- Other components of the cell: The cytoplasm which include: a. A large number and variety of molecules. b. Organelles, each of which performs a specific function, e.g. ribosomes, Golgi complex, mitochondria, etc. There are 2 fundamentally distinct kinds of cells: (A) Prokaryotes (B) Eukaryotes Essential features of all cells

3. Comparison between prokaryotic & eukaryotic cell

6. What are the differences between plant and animal cells ? Need help??

7. 1. Shape Plant cell is larger than Animal cell 2. Size Plant cell is rectangular in shape. Animal cell is circlar in shape Comparison between animal and plant cells

8. 3. Special Parts PLANT CELLANIMAL CELL Cell WallLysosome ChloroplastsCentrosome Comparison between animal and plant cells

9. Cell Membrane Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Bodies Cell Membrane Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Bodies

10. The Cell Nucleus This organelle has two major functions: it stores the cell's DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities.

11. Mitochondria Mitochondria are considered the power generators of the cell, converting oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria is less in plant than animal cell.

12. Ribosomes Ribosomes All living cells contain ribosomes, composed of approximately 60 percent ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 40 percent protein.

13. Endoplasmic Reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of flattened sacs and branching tubules that extends throughout the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells.

14. Golgi Bodies Golgi Bodies The Golgi apparatus (GA), also called Golgi body or Golgi complex and found universally in both plant and animal cells.

16. Chloroplasts Chloroplasts One of the most widely recognized and important characteristics of plants is their ability to conduct photosynthesis, in effect, to make their own food by converting light energy into chemical energy. Plant

17. Cell Wall One of the most important distinguishing features of plant cells is the presence of a cell wall. Plant

18. Lysosome Lysosome It serves as digestion compartments for cellular materials. Animal

19. Centrosomes Found only in animal cells, it helps in the process of cell division. Animal

20. Now……PLANT OR ANIMAL CELL? Plant? Animal? Cell Membrane