1. Acids and Bases Acids and and Bases Bases

2. Acid and Bases There are many ways to classify compounds (ionic and covalent, organic and inorganic) – Acid and base is another way we can classify compounds Examples of familiar acids – Lemon juice = has ascorbic acid (vitamin C) – Vinegar = acetic acid – Stomach acid = hydrochloric acid (HCl)

3. Acids and Bases Examples of familiar bases: – Eggs – Soaps and detergent – Bleach Note: both strong acids and strong bases Are corrosive

4. How do we identify acids and bases The pH scale: A number scale for measuring how acidic or basic something is. pH scale:

5. pH of common products i

6. What do the numbers represent? The pH values represent an increase or decrease in the pH of 10 pH Example a change from pH 3 to a pH of 6. 10 6 -3 = 10 3 = 1000 Example a change from pH 4 to a pH of 9.

7. What do the numbers represent? The pH values represent an increase or decrease in the pH of 10 pH Example a change from pH 3 to a pH of 6. 10 6 -3 = 10 3 = 1000 Example a change from pH 4 to a pH of 9. 10 9 - 4 = 10 5 = 100,000

8. Indicators Indicators: Chemicals that change color depending on the pH of a solution they are placed in Why are they useful:

9. Indicators Indicators: Chemicals that change color depending on the pH of a solution they are placed in Why are they useful: Acids and bases can be dangerous at high concentrations. Indicators are a safe way to determine the concentration of an acid or base

10. Acids you need to remember for the Provincial Exam Hydrochloric Acid: HCl Sulfuric Acid: H 2 SO 4 Nitric Acid: HNO 3 Acetic Acid: CH 3 COOH

11. Indicators l