1. Macromolecules Practice Test
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2. 1 Name the 4 macromolecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

3. 2 What kind of macromolecule is this? Carbohydrate
It’s formula is C6H12O6 so it has the 1:2:1 ratio that carbohydrates always have
Plus, it is in a ring-shape

4. 3 What type of macromolecule is this? Lipid
It has 3 fatty acids and it is made of carbon, hydrogen, and a little bit of oxygen

5. 4 What type of macromolecule is this? Protein
It is made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

6. 5 What type of macromolecule is this? Nucleic acid
It has a sugar, base, and phosphate group

7. 6 How many bonds does carbon make with other atoms? 4
It can make single bonds like C-H
Or it can make double bonds like C=O

8. 7 How can you tell if a molecule is organic or not?
Organic molecules have bonds between carbon atoms
The picture on the left is organic but the picture on the right isn’t

9. 8 What is the chemical formula for this structure? C5H10O5
To get that, count the number of each type of atom in the picture

10. 9 What process is being used to join these two monomers?
Dehydration synthesis
This process joins monomers by removing water molecules

11. 10 What process is being used to split this polymer? Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis uses a water molecule to break bonds

12. 11
What macromolecule is made when many amino acids are joined together?
Proteins
Proteins are sometimes called polypeptides because the bonds between amino acids are called peptide bonds

13. 12 What types of macromolecules are represented by these formulas?
A. C15H25O3
B. C5H10O5
C. C6H12O3N2
D. C5H18O6N4P2
A: Lipid
Lipids have C, H, and only a little bit of O
B: Carbohydrate (or sugar/saccharide)
Carbohydrates have C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio
C: Protein (or polypeptide)
Proteins include nitrogen
D: Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids include both nitrogen and phosphorus

14. 13
What macromolecule is the primary energy source for all living things?
Carbohydrates
Lipids can also store energy, but carbohydrates are used most frequently

15. 14
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6

16. 15
The iodine test is a test for _____. When it is negative it is ____ (color) and when it is positive it is ____ (color)
Starch
Brown (negative color)
Purple (positive color)

17. 16
The Benedict test is a test for _____. When it is negative it is ____ (color) and when it is positive it is ____ (color)
Sugar (or monosaccharides)
Blue (negative color)
Yellow/Orange/Green (positive color)

18. 17
The Biuret test is a test for _____. When it is negative it is ____ (color) and when it is positive it is ____ (color)
Protein (or polypeptide)
Blue (negative color)
Purple (positive color)

19. 18
The Brown paper bag test is a test for _____. When it is negative it is ____ (color) and when it is positive it is ____ (color)
Lipids
Normal looking paper (negative)
See through spot (positive)

20. 19 What is the monomer, function, and test for carbohydrates?
Monomer: Sugar (if making starch or another polysaccharide)
Function: Energy source, plant structures
Test:
Sugar = Benedict’s test
Starch = Iodine

21. 20 What is the monomer, function, and test for lipids?
Monomer: Fatty acids
Function: Makes up membranes
Test: Brown Paper Bag

22. 21 What is the monomer, function, and test for proteins?
Monomer: Amino acids
Function: Controls cell processes
Test: Biuret

23. 22 What is the monomer, function, and test for nucleic acids?
Monomer: nucleotides
Function: stores genetic information
Test: no test

24. 23
Name an example of a simple sugar (also known as a monosaccharide, which is a type of carbohydrate)
Glucose, fructose, galactose

25. 24
Name an example of a lipid
Fats, oils, waxes

26. 25
Name an example of a nucleic acid
DNA

27. 26 Name a food high in monosaccharides (simple sugars)
Candy, sugar, soda

28. 27
Name a food high in starch.
Bread, pasta, cornstarch, potatoes

29. 28
Name a food high in lipids
Butter, egg yolks, oil

30. 29
Name a food high in proteins
Egg whites, meat

31. 30 What two tests would a greasy hamburger test positive for?
Biuret (because it has meat and therefore is high in protein) and Brown Bag (because it is greasy and therefore has lipids)
It would not test positive for iodine because it doesn’t have starch
It would not test positive for Benedict’s because it doesn’t have sugars