1. Integrative Perspective Chapter 15

2. Approaches to Integration Approaches to Integration Technical Eclecticism Theoretical Integration Commons Factors Approach Assimilative Integration

3. Technical Eclecticism Collection of techniques No connection between conceptual foundation and interventions

4. Theoretical Integration Conceptual framework that synthesizes aspects of several theories Selection of interventions tied to conceptual framework

5. Common Factors Approach Non-Specific Factors ◦ Therapeutic alliance ◦ Opportunity for catharsis ◦ Practice new behaviors ◦ Instillation of hope

6. Assimilative Integration Grounded in one theoretical orientation Selectively incorporate practices from other orientations

7. Morgan & McMillan (1999) Model First Phase Assessment and Relation Building ◦ Objects Relation Theory  Hear client's story; grasp their phenomenological world; establish rapport  Provide supportive holding environment  Explore clients’ feelings and thought patterns about past and present circumstances  (behavior chapter)

8. Morgan & McMillan (1999) Model Second Phase Insight: Early Relations -Present Issues ◦ Experiential and Cognitive Approaches  Acknowledge and express painful memories, feelings and thoughts  Cognitive restructuring in perceptions of self and others  Acquire more adaptive ways of feeling, thinking and coping

9. Morgan & McMillan (1999) Model Third Phase Promoting Change ◦ Behavioral Approach  Homework Assignments  Assertiveness Training  Self-Management Program

10. Morgan & McMillan (1999) Integrative Model Second Phase Insight: Early Relations -Present Issues ◦ Experiential and Cognitive Approaches  Acknowledge and express painful memories, feelings and thoughts  Cognitive restructuring in perceptions of self and others  Acquire more adaptive ways of feeling, thinking and coping

11. Theories and Therapeutic Process Therapeutic Goals ◦ Specific – General ◦ Symptom resolution vs. problem solving Therapist’s Function and Role ◦ Time Orientation ◦ Structured- Non-structured ◦ Didactic - Collaborative ◦ Process - Content

12. Theories and Therapeutic Process Client’s Experience in Therapy ◦ Responsibility for Change ◦ Active - passive Therapist – Client Relationship ◦ Client Diagnosis ◦ Treatment Preference ◦ Stage of Change ◦ Contextual Issues

13. Contextual Issues Contextual Issues Race Ethnicity Social Class Religion Gender ◦ Feminist Therapy Gender Orientation